MCB: Amino Acid Synthesis
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1
Essential aa acronym
TIM LIV HK FW
2
Essential Amino Acids
body can’t produce naturally, need through our environment/diet
3
Nonessential amino acids
body can produce naturally
4
What is the condition of arginine being non essential?
fully functioning urea cycle
5
What is the condition of tyrosine being nonessential?
obtaining phenylalanine
6
How can aspartate be synthesized?
through oxaloacetate
7
How is alanine synthesized?
through pyruvate
8
How can glutamate be synthesized?
through ketoglutarate
9
What is the shikimate pathway?
The pathway for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants and microorganisms. This pathway is not present in humans.
10
What does glyphosate do?
blocks part of the shikimate pathway and ends in death of the plant/micro-organism
11
Post-Translational Modifications (PTM)
side chains can be chemically modified
12
What do you need for hydroxylation of proline?
vitamin C
13
What happens when there is no vitamin c in the body?
scurvy
14
Most amino acids exists as CATIONS at a very (acidic or basic) pH
acidic
15
Amino acids as cations NH3 and COOH is
protonated
16
Most amino acids exist as ANIONS as a very (acidic or basic) pH
basic
17
Amino acids as anions NH3 and COOH is
deprotonated
18
when pH is low, aa are
protonated
19
when pH is high, aa are
deprotonated
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pH is less than PI
most molecules are cations
21
pH is more than PI
most molecules are anions
22
Learn How to Calculate pI
okay
23
Peptide bond is..
rigid and planar
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what does rigid and planar mean?
1. shorter bond length
2. NO free rotation on peptide bond
3. 6 atoms on same plane
4. partial double bond feature because C-N is shorter than typical
2. NO free rotation on peptide bond
3. 6 atoms on same plane
4. partial double bond feature because C-N is shorter than typical
25
Which is favored? Cis or trans?
Trans
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Eq of pI
2 pI = pKcooh + pKnh3+
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