1Disease Classification
Botulism
3GTKYCA
GPR, strict anererobe, non-lactose fermenting, spore forming, produces neurotoxins a-g and H
4Epidemiology; Reservoir
Enviroment (soil)
5Epidemiology: POE
Open wounds or digestive tract
6Epi. MOT
Eating contaminated foods, parenteral route
7Pathogenesis
Spores germinate and colonize food, intestinal mucosa, or tissue at POE. Secreted botulinum toxin enters the circulatory system and is transported to motor neurons where it blocks the release of neurotransmitters and results in paralysis
8Incubation Period
6 hours to 10 days
9S/s
Gastrointestinal: constipation, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, chills, thick-feeling tongue; nervous system; blurred vision, dilated pupil, drooping eyelids, inability to swallow, speech impairment, urinary retention, skeletal weakness; infant; lethargy, weak cry
10Complications
Paralysis, respiratory failure, mortality 5%, Sequelae- muscle atrophy, long-lasting weakness, SOB, secondary infection
11Prevention
Follow proper canning techniques, proper food handlung storage, boil canned foods for 10 min, dont consume or taste suspected foods, safetly dispose of contaminated foods
12Treatments
Antitoxin (for types A, B, E, and H)- mostly for babies; remove gastrointestinal contents, life support systems- ventilator