Beginning Medical Terminology Chapter 2

Pertaining to fat

Process of building up proteins in the cells

Pertaining to the front portion of the body; ventral

Flexible, connective tissue often attached to bones at joints (articular cartilage)

Chemical process in which complex foods such as sugar and fat are broken down

Pertaining to the posterior end (near the tail)

Structure surrounding and protecting the cell; allows materials to pass in and out

Pertaining to the head

Pertaining to the neck of the body or the neck-like lower portion of the uterus

Tumor of cartilage; benign (non-cancerous)

Malignant (cancerous) tumor of cartilage. The root sarc indicates the malignant tumor arises from a type of flesh or connective tissue.

Rod-shaped structure in the nucleus of a cell; contains genetic material (DNA)

Region of the coccyx (tailbone)

Tailbone

Space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull

Incision of the skull

All of the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane

Away from the surface of the body or an organ

Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The diaphragm moves up and down and aids in breathing

Pad of cartilage between the vertebrae

Far from the point of attachment to the trunk of the body or far from the beginning of a structure

Pertaining to the back, or posterior portion of the body

Network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell; site of protein synthesis

Middle upper abdominopelvic region

Adrenaline that increases heart rate and blood pressure

Cells that lies on the body surface and lines the cavities and organs

Vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions; coronal plane

Regions of DNA within each chromosome

Study of living tissues

Right and left upper abdominopelvic regions (beneath the ribs)

Middle lower abdominopelvic region (below the umbilical region)

Pertaining to the ilium; right or left upper most portion of the hip bone

Below or lower in position; towards feet (not used in reference towards feet)

Pertaining to the groin

Pertaining to between the vertebrae (backbone)

Pertaining to within a vein

Picture (classification) of chromosomes in the nucleus

Voice box; located above the trachea (windpipe)

Pertaining to the side

Right and left middle abdominopelvic regions near the waist

Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions of the back

Pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body

Centrally located space outside of and between the lungs in the thoracic cavity

Total of the chemical processes in a cell. It includes catabolism and anabolism

Rod-shaped structures in the cytoplasm of the cell that provide principal source of energy; catabolism occurs in the mitochondria

Control center of the cell; contains chromosomes and directs activities of the cell

Space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs

Double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity

Throat

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain

Double-layered membrane surrounding each lung

Space between the layers of the pleura

Back or dorsal surface of the body or structure

Lying on the belly (face down, palms down)

Near the point of attachment or near the beginning of a structure

Lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into a right and left sides; lateral plane

Space within the spinal column (backbones) containing the spinal cord

Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

Pertaining to on the surface of the body

Above another structure

Lying on the back (face up, palms up)

Space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs

Incision of the chest

Endocine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck; secretes the hormone, thyroxine

Windpipe; tube leading from the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voicebox) to the bronchial tubes

Horizontal (cross-sectional) plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions; axial plane

Central abdominopelvic region near the navel; umbilical means pertaining to the navel

One of the two tubes carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Muscular organ in a female that holds the embryo;fetus as it develops; womb

Pertaining to the front or anterior portion of the body

Backbones

Pertaining to backbones

Internal organs

Pertaining to internal organs