1content words/ open class examples
- nouns, verbs, adjectives
- articles, propositions, conjunctions
2function words/closed class examples
- nouns, verbs, adjectives
- articles, propositions, conjunctions
3morphology means?
- the study of structure of sentence and the sentences formation rules
- study of structure of patterns and the pattern formation rules
- the study of structure of words and the word formation rules
4what is a morpheme
smallest unit of meaning or grammatical function
5free morpheme...
- can stand alone
- cannot stand alone & affix
- base word
- affix that attached to a root
- roots that cannot stand alone
6roots are...
- cannot stand alone & affix
- base word
- affix that attached to a root
- roots that cannot stand alone
- can stand alone
7bound morphemes...
- affix that attached to a root
- roots that cannot stand alone
- can stand alone
- cannot stand alone & affix
- base word
8stems...
- base word
- affix that attached to a root
- roots that cannot stand alone
- cannot stand alone & affix
- can stand alone
9bound roots...
- roots that cannot stand alone
- base word
- can stand alone
- cannot stand alone & affix
10derivational morpheme means...
change meaning and part of speech
11inflectional morpheme means
have only grammar functions
12suppletions are..
exceptions like children, feet, went, sung
13what is syntax?
pertains to speaker knowledge of the grammar and structure of a sentence
14what teh syntax rules do?
- increase communication
- specify grammar
- allow other to teach
- how words form groups and hierarchy
- create possible meaning
15what grammartically is not based on
- prior exposure to a sentence
- the order of the word
- meaningfulness
- truthfulness
16what is constituents? hint: g
grouping in a sentence
17provide 3 constituency test
1. stand alone test (question) 2. replacement by pronoun. 3. move as a unit
183 phrasal càtegories are
1. head 2. complement 3. specifier
21subcategoriesation that refers to the information about what type of complement can/must a head take is also known as..
C-selection
22yes-no questions are generated in two steps
1. The PS rules generate a basic declarative structure or d-structure of the sentence.
2. transformational rule then move the auxilary bfr subject to create s-structure.
233 steps to form wh questions?
1. The PS rules generate a basic declarative word order.
2. move the word what to the front.
3. move the modal will.
24what is phonetics?
the study of speech sound.
25focuses on the physical properties of the sound language
- articulary phonetics
- auditory phonetics
- acoustic phonetics
26focuses on how the vocal tract produces the sound language
- articulary phonetics
- auditory phonetics
- acoustic phonetics
27focuses on how listener perceived the sound language
- articulary phonetics
- auditory phonetics
- acoustic phonetics
28produced w greater tension in the tougue
29produced w less tongue tension
30some restriction of the airflows during articulation
31airstream flows continuously out of the mouth