Passé Composé et l'imparfait

Auxiliaire + participe passé (p.p) (reguliers or irreguliers)

avoir or être (present)

They are called auxiliaries because they support the main verb you want to write in a past tense

Past participle of a verb. Verb in past tense (regulars/irregular)

The *passé composé* talks about specific actions that were completed in the past. We conjugate the passé composé using the auxiliary verbs avoir or être followed by the *past participle* (le participe passé) of the verb.
Composed of auxiliaire and participe passé.

*Avoir*- most verbs use avoir

*être*- verbes pronominaux, La "maison d'être"

verbes pronominaux use *être* in the past tense
**changes with the subject

(Subject) (pronoun) (être conjugated) (verb in past tense)

ex:Je me *suis* couché(e).
Il s'*est* rasé.
Elles se *sont* amusées.

(Picture for memorizing verbs that use être)

Aller
Venir (to come)
Arriver
Entrer
Naître (to be born)
Monter (ascend)
Rester (to stay)
Descendre (go down)
Tomber (to fall)
Mourir (to die)
Sortir (go outsideet out)
Partir (to leave)
Retourner (to return to)
Rentrer (to return)
Revenir (return)
Venir
Apparaître (appear)

Partir, Sortir, Aller
(Exceptions for être specifically because they don't change with the subject, they stay the same. They're an exception to être's rule)

Parti

Sorti

Allé

To have (eu)

J'ai
Tu as
Il/Elle a
Nous avons
Vous avez
Ils/Elles ont

To be

Je suis
Tu es
Il/Elle est
Nous Somme's
Vous êtes
Ils/Elles sont

Pas d'accord du participe passé
(Verb doesn't change with the gender/amount of subject/noun)
Applies to avoir, not être

Why? Adjectives based on subject

*General rule*
-add (-e)

*Specific rules*
-already ends with (-e), then no change
(Ex: Le gacon optimist*e*. La fille optimist*e*)

-ends with (-eux), change to (-euse)
(Ex: L'homme heur*eux*. La femme heur*euse*)

-ends with (-if), change to (-ive)
(Ex: Le garcon posit*if*. La fille posit*ive*)

-ends with (-ien), change to (-ienne)
(Ex: L'homme colomb*ien*. La femme colomb*ienne*)

Doesn't

Does

er —> é
ir —> i
re —> u

Eu

été

Allé

Fait

Pu

Dû

Voulu

Suivi

Lu

Mis

Offert

Appris

Vu

Dit

Pris

Bu

Écrit

connu (to know)

ri

vécu

in the old days

each

usually

from time to time

to move

in general

to stand in line

to smoke

to keep, to watch

generally

to climb trees

usually

there were, there was

I was

to play on the swings

to play hide and seek

to play board games

childhood

gas

grass

the fire station

war

wool

life

the black market

marbles

dolls, figurines

building toys

toy cars

normally

from time to time

during, while

sometimes

rarely

to jump rope

often

all

to kill

a ball

a truck

a stag

a board game

a wolf

the black market

a murder

a chocolate croissant

a firefighter

a beast, an animal

a stuffed toy

a doll

an open-faced sandwich

I was/you were

he was/she was/one was

we were

they were

monter rentrer sortir devenir revenir venir arriver naître descendre entrer retourner tomber rester aller mourir partir

monté (to go up)

rentré (to return)

sorti (to go out)

devenu (to become)

revenu (to come back)

venu (to come)

arrivé (to arrive)

descendu (to go down)

resté (to stay)

parti (to leave)

été

We are

You are

to do/make (fait)

to be able/can (pu)

pris (to take)

appris (to learn)

attendu (to wait)

suivi (to follow)

Must/have to (dû)

To want (voulu)

to put (mis)