Private Pilot Knowledge

Airworthiness certificate (never expires)
Registration Certificate (renewed every seven years)
Radio Station License (Required for international)
Operating Limitations (Found in the approved flight manual or Pilot's operating handbook)
Weight and balance data

MCPRAWN

1-800-wx-brief
EFB
FAA SUA website

MOA
CFA
Prohibited
Restricted
Alert Area
Warning Area
National Security Area

chronic and acute

chronic and acute

Documents (ARROW)
Inspections (AV1ATES)
Equipment (A TOMATO FLAMES)

pink

12 months

NAS website

Fuel, maintenance facilities

When the oil is stored in the oil pan

When oil is stored outside the engine

The ability for it to resist vertical motion

troposphere

AV1ATES

Airspeed 87
Close vents
open storm windows
latch side then top

aircraft acceleration, turbulence, magnetic dip

When you are 90° abeam the selected radial, the to/from flag will fluctuate

9.5:1

For every 1,000 feet of altitude lost, the aircraft can travel forward about 9,500 feet

Single seat, agricultural, gliders ballons etc

Serves as the floor of the class E and ceiling for golf

CARL

Cone of confusion
Area of ambiguity
reverse sensing
line of sight

end of evening Civil twilight and beginning of morning Civil twilight

From sunset to sunrise

an hour before sunrise and hour after sunset

8 miles, 4 each side

Heavy loads, high altitudes, high temperatures, runway coondition, engine wear

Better efficiency, smaller, lighter

2700

(my) Specific airplanes by tail number

In the POH

MKART

MEL
KOEL
ADs
Regs
Type certificate data sheet

91.213

inoperable equipment

50 knot surface winds, 3/4 inch hail or tornadoes

An altitude that allows for a landing should the engine fail without undue hazard

1000ft above the highest obstacle, 2,000ft horizontal

500ft over the surface

If over open water: 500ft from any person, vessel, vehicle or structure

2 quarts

8 quarts

6 quarts

More than 30 minutes, minimum flight crew must use supplemental

Oxygen required for required crew entire duration

All occupants must be supplied oxygen

12,500-14,000: More than 30 minutes, required crew must use supplemental

14,000: Required crew must use continous supplemental oxygen

15,000: All occupants must be provided oxygen

Can act as PIC within your privileges
PSCRIPT
Can fly at night
Can fly with pax

Can't fly for compensation or hire
Must pay pro rata
Can only fly VFR

61.23

Every 48 months.

It reverts to a third class

Broad, like airplane or rotorcraft

Specific design features, like single engine land

Specific models

Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, Transport

Airplane, rotorcraft, glider etc

Specific aircraft models of similar designs

2 hours

4 hours

Convective, standard, cyclonic, and volcanic ash.

S (Widespread IFR)
T (Turbulence)
Z (Icing)

an aviation weather advisory that alerts pilots to severe weather hazards that pose a danger to all aircraft.

thunderstorms, dust and sand storms, volcanic ash, severe icing, severe turbulence, cyclones

severe thunderstorms, embedded thunderstorms, continous line of at least 60nm, wide area coverage of at least 40% of 3000 square miles

Cold and warm

A mix of both warm and cold front conditions

Typically the weather is more severe than the state weather in a cold front occlusion. Embedded thunderstorms, rain, and fog.

Indefintely as long as the aircraft meets its approved type desgin and is in a condition for safe operation.

Seven years

Approved flight manual or POH

Illness
Medication
Stress
Alcohol
Fatigue
Emotion/eating

Pilot
Aircraft
enVironment
External Factors

IMSAFE

Airworthiness certificate (never expires)
Registration Certificate (renewed every seven years)
Radio Station License (Required for international)
Operating Limitations (Found in the approved flight manual or Pilot's operating handbook)
Weight and balance data

Annual inspection
VOR Check
100 hour inspection
Altimeter
Transponder
ELT
Static System

Annual Inspection: Every 12 calendar months (91.409) (Must be done by an A&P IA)
VOR Check: Every 30 days (required for IFR only) (91.171)
100 Hour inspection: Required if flying for hire (91.409)
Altimeter: Every 24 calendar months (91.411) (Required for IFR only)
Transponder: Every 24 calendar months (91.413)
ELT: Every 12 calendar months; battery replaced if used for more than 1 cumulative hour or if 50% of the usable battery life has expired (91.207)
Static System: 24 Calendar months (91.411)

Every 30 days. (91.171) (For IFR flight)

Required if flying for hire (91.409)

Every 24 calendar months (91.411)

Every 24 calendar months (91.413)

Every 12 calendar months; battery replaced if used for more than 1 cumulative hour or if 50% of the usable battery life has expired (91.207)

Every 12 calendar months; battery replaced if used for more than 1 cumulative hour or if 50% of the usable battery life has expired (91.207)

A TOMATO FLAMES (91.205)

Altimeter

Tachometer (each engine)
Oil pressure indicator (each engine)
Manifold pressure gauge (each engine)
Airspeed Indicator
Temp gauge (each engine)
Oil temp gauge (each engine)

Fuel quantity gauge (each tank)
Landing gear position lights
Anti-collision lights (certified after 1996)
Magnetic direction indicator (compass)
ELT
Safety belts (certified after 1986)

Altimeter

Tachometer (each engine)
Oil pressure indicator (each engine)
Manifold pressure gauge (each engine)
Airspeed Indicator
Temp gauge (each engine)
Oil temp gauge (each engine)

Fuel quantity gauge (each tank)
Landing gear position lights
Anti-collision lights (certified after 1996)
Magnetic direction indicator (compass)
ELT
Safety belts

Same as VFR AND

Fuses (spare)
Landing light (if for hire)
Anti-collision lights
Position lights (nav lights)
Source of power (such as battery)

Pilot certificate
Photo ID
Medical Certificate
Radio operator permit (if outside US)

6 hours

4 hours

2c / 1000ft

the adiabatic lapse rate is greater than the ambient lapse rate

Upslope
Precipitation
Advection
Ice
Radiation
Steam

UPAIRS

Differential ailerons.

Deflects further upward than the downward one to counteract the yawing effect created by the downward aileron

Slotted flaps

Better performance at slower speeds

Sesinich fixed pitch

Lycoming
Horizontally opposed
Air cooled
Normally aspirated
Direct drive

180 hp

LHAND

Tricycle with differential hydraulic toe braking

17 gallons at tabs, 32 useable (both tanks)

It compares the pressure between the pitot and the static port

Heading indicator, attitude indicator, and turn coordinator

Stall speed landing config (45 knots)

Stall speed no flaps (50)

Best angle (64)

Best rate (76)

Maximum flap extension (102)

Maneuvering Speed (113)

Max structural cruise (125)

Never exceed (154)

32 gallons at tabs; 48 full

Steady rain, widespread clouds, poor visibility, stratifrom clouds, low ceilings

A warm front is when a warm air mass advances and replaces a colder body of air, covering the cold air and forcing it out below

thunderstorms, towering cumulus, precipitation

A stationary front is when the forces of two air masses are relatively equal, causing them to not move.

When a faster-moving cold front catches up to a warm front, forcing the warm air up.

Stationary front

Occluded front

Clockwise, outwards, and downwards

Counter-clockwise, inwards, and upwards

Widespread IFR

Turbulence

Icing

Gas
Undercarriage (N/A)
Mixture (Full rich)
Prop (N/A)
Switches (LDG Light and fuel pump on)

Between 600 and a 1000' AGL, or 1,200' MSL (TOP) ~1100' MSL

Cruise speed (100-115)

On a tailwind

On a tailwind

No lower than 1,500' AGL
(So ~1,800 MSL)

76 knots

Once there is a postive climb rate.

65 knots

70-75 knots

Keep starter on
Mixture cut
Throttle open
turn off fuel pump and fuel selector

76 knots
switch tanks
fuel pump on
mixture rich
carb heat on
turn each mag on/off one at a time

close throttle and mixture
turn off mags
turn off battery
turn off alternator
turn off fuel
Crack door open

Verify emerg battery armed
Master batt off
alternator off
vents open
cabin heat off
extinguish fire

Throttle to idle
aim for 120 knots
bank 30-45 degrees

PARE

Power- idle
Ailerons- Neutal
Rudder opposite the turn
Elevator forward to break the stall, then back to level flight

bank into the wind, Full rudder opposite the wind

Over 80 knots

ATC Clearance, two-way radio communications
Mode C transponder (while inside the veil)
3sm, Clear of clouds

Surrounds most Class B airports within 30nm.
Mode C transponder required

Establish and maintain two-way radio prior to entering, mode c transponder, adsb-out


3 miles visibility, 500 below, 1,000 above, 2000 horizontal

Establish and maintain two-way radio communication
3-152

55 knots

64 knots

76 knots

15C 59F

At least 20nm

hail, turbulence, lightning

General emergency

Squawk 7700

Lost communications

Squawk 7600

Hijacking

Squawk 7500

Unstable
Takeoff ground roll decreased
Stall speed decreases
Cruise speed increases
bad stall recovery characteristics

more stable
takeoff ground roll increased
stall speed increases
cruise speed decreases

Lift, thrust, drag, weight

Parasitic and Induced

Form drag
Skin friction
Interference

Heavy, clean, and slow

During takeoff

Downwards and outwards

P-factor
Gyroscopic precession
Torque
Spiraling slipstream

During high angle of attacks and high power settings.

The propeller's descending blade experiencing a greater angle of attack (bigger bite of air) than the ascending blade, causing more thrust on one side causing a yaw to the left

As the air hits the top of the prop, due to Newton's law of motion, will be applied at a 90 degrees later, creating a yaw to the left.

Tailwheel

As the prop moves clockwise, from the pilot seat, the plane rotates in the opposite direction

The backwash of air from the prop spirals around the plane hitting the vertical stabilizer

700ft agl or 1,200 ft AGL

At the surface

Surface up to 1200 AGL (wherever class E airspace begins)

Class B

Class C

Class D

Class E

Prohibited Area

Typically 10,000 ft. MSL surrounding busiest airports. Tailored to fit each airport's needs (lateral and vertical).

>Clear of clouds
>3 SM visibility

250 kts
Under shelf - 200 kts

Typically surface to 4,000 ft MSL
>Inner surface area: surface to 4,000 ft & 5 NM diameter
>Outer shelf area: 1,200 ft MSL to 4,000 ft MSL & 10 NM diameter

1,000 ft above,
500 ft below,
2,000 ft horizontal

3 SM visibility

200 knots

Typically surface to 2,500 ft AGL.
4 NM diameter.

>1,000 ft above,
500 ft below,
2,000 ft horizontal
>3 SM visibility

200 kts

Dashed magenta

Shaded magenta

Shaded blue

Zipper line

Light blue lines

10 miles

10, 5 and 3

Overshoot South, undershoot North

Accelerate North, Decelerate South

1 SM

3 SM

1SM; 3SM

1 SM

3 sm

1SM, 3SM

5SM

1SM,
Clear of clouds

3SM,

1000 feet above, 500 below, 2,000 horizontal

1SM, 1000 above, 500 below, 2000 horizontal

3SM,
1,000 above, 500 below, 2,000 horizontal

5SM,

1,000 above, 1,000 below, 1SM horizontal

5SM,
1,000 above, 1,000 below, 1SM horizontal

VFR Traffic Advisorires on Request (workload permitting)

IFR/IFR Separation

VFR traffic advisories on request (workload permitting)

3SM,
1,000 above, 500 below, 2,000 horizontal

IFR/IFR Separation
IFR/VFR Separation

VFR Traffic Advisories on request (workload permitting)

All aircraft separation

18,000ft MSL up to and including FL600

121.175

124.55

119.425

91.155

29.92 in HG

1,013.25 millibars

Over 40: 6 Calendar Months
Under 40: 12 Calendar month

NOTAMs

Weather reports and forecasts

Known traffic delays

Runway length of intended use

Alternatives available

Fuel requirements

Takeoff and landing performance data

12 calendar months

6 calendar months

60 calendar months

24 calendar months

12,500 pounds

7 occupants

July 14, 2006

250 knots

18,000 feet MSL

An increase in fluid speed over the top of the wing results in a decrease in pressure, creating an upward force from the low pressure below the wing

An imaginary straight line connecting the leading and trailing edges

The angle between the chord line and the relative wind

One-time
Recurrent
Emergency

One-time
Recurrent
Emergency

It means that the work was completed by an A&P with an Inspection Authorization.

For annuals.

Cumuliform clouds
Showery Precipitation
Rough air
Good visibility (except in blowing obstructions)

Stratifrom clouds and fog
Continuous Precipitation
Smooth air
Fair to poor visiblity in haze and smoke

Dew point is the temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated with water already present in the air

Condensation, clouds and fog

ground cools the air to dew point on calm, clear nights

warm, moist air moves over cold surface, winds are required for this fog to form and it forms primarily over coastal regions

Advection fog

Fog formed as moist, stable air flows upward over a topographic barrier such as a mountain

Cold, dry air moves over warm water. Common over bodies of water during the coldest times of the year

Occurs in cold weather when temperature is below freezing and water vapor forms into ice crystals

forms when rain evaporates as it falls through a layer of cool air

Full aft yoke, no stopping
lift off at lowest airspeed
maintain ground effect until 64kts for obstacle, or 76kts for no obstacle
at 1000' AGL transition to cruise climb 87 knots

Odd North East

Confess
Conserve
Circle
Climb
Call

1996

1986

Pro-rata
Salesman (aircraft) (200hr TT)
Charity (500tt)
Rescue
Incidental
Production
Tow a glider (100 PIC)

200 hours

500 hours 91.146

100 hours PIC

Plan
Plane
Pilot
Passengers
Programming

Full power, pitch for climb
Retract flaps first notch
Pitch for Vy (76)
Positive rate, second notch
Retract last notch and pitch for 76
Annonce

80 knots

70 knots

1,500-1,900 RPM

90 knots

80kts

65kts

Full throttle
Allow nose to fall
Roll wings level

Close throttle
Roll wings level
Pitch for level flight attitude

No lower than 1,500' AGL

A permit issued by the FAA to an aircraft that does not currently meet airworthiness requirements but is capable of safe flight.

Can be used for:
Flying to a base for repairs
Delivering/exporting
Evacuating from danger

Maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition.
Ensuring Maintentance is properly recorded
Complying with all ADs

A (MEL) is an FAA- approved, aircraft-specific document that lists the equipment which can be broken or not working while still allowing the plane to fly safely.

A KOEL identified which equipment is required for a specific type of operation.

An hourly surface observation

A sudden change in wind speed or direction

An intense, localized downdraft associated with thunderstorms that can cause severe windshear

An ATC clearance allowing a pilot to operate within the lateral boundaries in weather less than basic VFR.

1sm clear of clouds

1 SM & COC

Wait 12 hours for flights up to 8,000'

24 hours for flights above 8,000' or for any dive required controlled ascent.

A mix of both warm front and cold front conditions.

An elongated area of low pressure

24 or 30 hours

4 times a day, every 6 hours.

Destination + 30 minutes at cruise

Destination + 45 minutes at cruise

Structural, induction system, and instrument icing.

Claer, rime and mixed

Forms after initial impact, when the liquid poriton of the drop flows over the surface and gradually freezes