1Metabolism definition
Totality of organisms chemical reactions
2From low to high entropy...
Spontaneous
3True or False, plants create energy from photosynthesis...
False, Plants transform light energy to chemical energy
4From high to low free energy...
Spontaneous
5From high to low entropy...
Nonspontaneous
6Catabolic and Exergonic
Spontaneous
7What is heat a form of?
Disorder
8From low to high free energy...
Nonspontaneous
9What does the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics state?
For a spontaneous process the entropy of the universe increases.
10Describe an example of energy conversion...
Chemical energy in food is converted to kinetic
11What is always released during reactions?
Heat
12Heat is also a kind of...
Kinetic energy
13Chemical energy is also a kind of...
Potential energy
14Definition of energy
Capacity to cause change (ability to rearrange matter)
15Input or consumption of energy corresponds to what?
Nonspontaneous (anabolic/endergonic)
16What is the free energy?
The measure of spontaneity and stability of a system
17o 0
0 0 o ===> 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 (protein) Determine if the product and reaction are either stable or unstable, high or low entropy(S), and if this is a nonspontaneous or spontaneous process...
Product: Unstable, Reaction: Stable, Product entropy: Low, Reaction entropy: High, Nonspontaneous process (anabolic/endergonic)
18What do enzymes do to chemical reactions?
Accelerates the chemical reactions
19What happens to energy in anabolic pathways?
It is consumed
20Net release of energy corresponds to what?
Spontaneous (catabolic/exergonic)
21Anabolic and Endergonic
Nonspontaneous
22 0 o 0
0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ===> o o 0 (protein) Determine if the product and reaction are either stable or unstable, high or low entropy(S) and if this is a nonspontaneous or spontaneous process...
Product: Stable, Reaction: Unstable, Product entropy: High, Reaction entropy: Low, Spontaneous process (catabolic/exergonic)
23Determine the level of free energy (G) in the product and reaction of a nonspontaneous process...
Product: High free energy (G), Reaction: Low free energy (G)
24What things does a system have to give up in order to become spontaneous?
Either give up energy, give up order or both
25Is a system at maximum stability good or bad?
Bad, the system cannot do work
26What is an example of spontaneous process (catabolic/exergonic)?
Cellular respiration
27Determine the level of free energy (G) in the product and reaction of a spontaneous process...
Product: Low free energy (G), Reaction: High free energy (G)
28What happens to energy in catabolic pathways?
It is released
29What happens to the free energy (G) in a spontaneous(catabolic/exergonic) process?
It is net released and results in it being negative
30What reaction breaks down ATP and what does it do?
Hydrolysis reaction, releases energy
31What macromolecule and monomer is ATP
Nucleic acid, Nucleotide
32What is an immediate source of energy in a cell?
ATP
33What are the 3 kinds of "work" a cell does?
Mechanical, Transport and Chemical
34What is an example of nonspontaneous process (anabolic/endergonic)?
Photosynthesis
35What happens to the free energy (G) in a nonspontaneous(anabolic/endergonic) process?
It is absorbed and results in it being positive