1three features of elites
Control over resource allocation (bureaucratic, monetary), domain specific expertise, gives cues to other elites/public
2ascriptive characteristics of elites
(gender, race, age, etc.) Influence how people are perceived which influences how they behave, ex. women i foreign policy
3social characteristics of elites
elite education, Ex. feeder schools into policy, econ/IMF work
4cognitive characteristics of elites
people think elites are built different because of their expertise, Causes problems because study of political psychology relies on studying non-ellites; if they are so different that research is useless (can’t transfer info from non-elites to elites)
5relational/partisan
who’s in professional network which can vary based on party
6machine
nonpersonalist (elite-constrained), civilian audience, -> most constrained
7junta
nonpersonalist, military audience -> moderately war-prone cause audience sees use in force
8boss/strongman
personalist (unconstrianed leader), no audience, most war prone
9insider's game
saunders, Doves want a more restrained foreign policy (typically democrats), hawks want a more escalatory one (typically GOP)
10hawkish bias
selection pressure, agenda costs, buying off counter-types
11selection pressure
dovish leaders face credibility problems on foreign policy leading to selecting hawkish advisors (ie. a democratic president choosing a hawkish (republican) secretary of state)
12agenda costs
dovish leaders tend to come from democratic party which has more expansive domestic agenda (ie. healthcare, social welfare), Thus hawkish elites can threaten to impose agenda costs because doves need more out of legislature
13buying off counter-types
Dovish elites get private benefits (career progression, support for their policy agenda) from reluctantly supporting hawkish positions, so they’re easier to co-opt; hawkish elites get few private benefits from supporting dovish positions.
14dove's curse
once a conflict starts, doveish leaders face pressure from hawkish leaders to do enough to avoid losing
15hawk's misadventure
hawkish leaders face fewer constraints, less scrutiny, and easier cooptation of skeptics