Circulatory System in Mammals
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1
What does a double circulatory system consist of?
A pulmonary circuit and a systematic circuit
2
How is pressure reduced whilst blood travels in blood vessles?
The blood vessles hit on the surface of the walls creating friction
3
Where do arteries take blood?
Away from the heart
4
Where do veins take blood?
Towards the heart
5
Give 3 characterisitcs of Capillaries and how they acheive the characteristics
-Large surface area : As there are millions of them
-Short diffusion pathway : As they are one cell thick
-Provide a Good blood supply : As they have a steep diffusion gradient
-Short diffusion pathway : As they are one cell thick
-Provide a Good blood supply : As they have a steep diffusion gradient
6
What does Renal mean?
kidneys
7
What does pulmanory mean?
lungs
8
What is the Aorta connected too, whats the pressure like?
Connected to the left venticle : high pressure
9
What is the Vena Cava connected to? whats the pressure like?
connected to the right atrium : low pressure
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
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Image occlusion: name the hidden labels
19
Describe how blood is moved from the Right atrium to the Right ventricle [3]
-There is thin elastic tissue in the wall of the atrium
-The elastic tissue streches to let blood in
-Then squeezes recoils to push blood into the venticle
-The elastic tissue streches to let blood in
-Then squeezes recoils to push blood into the venticle
20
Give two ways blood manages to move only in one way through the body
-Valves
-A pressure gradient exists from high to low pressure
-A pressure gradient exists from high to low pressure
21
What two terms should we use for muscle tissue movement ?
Contract and Relax
22
What two terms should we use for elastic tissue movement?
Strech and Recoils
23
Do the Ventricles or Atria have thicker muscle tissue?
Ventricle
24
What is the Left Atrio-Ventricular valve called?
The Bicuspid Valve
25
What is the Right Atrio-Ventricular valve called?
The Tricuspid Valve
26
T/F Both atrea close at the same time
True
27
What sound do the AV valves make?
'LUB'
28
What are the two semi-lunar valves?
The Aortic valve
The Pulmonary valve
The Pulmonary valve
29
What sound do the semi-lunar valves make?
'DUB'
30
What is Cardiac output?
The volume of blood pumped out by one ventricle of the heart in one minute
31
How is Cardiac output usally measured?
dm^3/min
32
What is the forumula for cardiac output?
CO = SV x HR
33
What is stroke volume?
The volume of blood pumped out by the left ventricle
34
What is the average stroke volume?
70ml (but can change due to their fitness level)
35
Formula to find Heart rate in BPM
divide 60 by the length of 1 cardiac cycle