philo finals

Actions shared by humans and other animals

Appropriate actions of human beings

These are acts originating from the individual performing the act using knowledge about the situations of the act.

Classifications of Voluntary Actions

Actions that are performed from will and reason.

It is considered as mixed of Voluntary and involuntary. It is more Voluntary if the desire and the choice has been performed and involuntary if it has considered preferences or alternatives.

Classifications of Involuntary Actions

Are acts done under a force or coercion and Ignorance where the doer failed to understand the effect and feels sorry on the result.

Circumstances which are beyond the control of the agent and contributes none to the Action.

Example of this action: a man steals and ignorant of the law, shots an arrow or gun by mistake.

According to ???, freedom and obligation are two indispensable conditions for morality to occur.

It is understood to be present when one is choosing a course of action. It can be said to be present if the human person is free in making choices in the realm of morality – that is, in making
choices with regards to determining what is the right thing to do in situations and circumstances in his own life. This one of the most abused and misunderstood words during these times.

It usually follows or arrives from freedom.

This is a choice which is deliberately selected based on a moral standpoint.
- Normative answers
- In this case, the answers that you are inclined to give are prescriptive in this imaginary and hypothetical
situation. (Ang sasabihin mo ay assumed lang kasi di mo talaga naranasan)

It is a choice which is borne out of psychological and emotional considerations. Unlike the previously discussed type of choice, it is a choices that are made when confronted with the actual
situation, and usually affected by psychological aspect of the person embroiled in the moral situation or
dilemma (naranasan mo). Likewise, stress could make a person’s choice inconsistent with his intellectual choice.

is a coined word from the prefix “inter” which connotes “among and between” and the philosophical term “subject” that is equivalent to a conscious being.

Term would mean in the general sense as “sharing of subjective states by two or more individuals.” (Scheff 2006) It is universal. It exists when and where humans exist. It is an undeniable reality which thinkers could not help but discuss.

one of the main ideas of this philosopher is that Confucianism is Ren or “human￾heartedness.” It is a virtue central to man that can be found in his sociality or intersubjectivity. Confucian thinking on intersubjectivity is practical humanism. There is an emphasis on human actions in sociality. He calls every man to love the other through actions, not through thoughts.

He is also St. John Paul II but as a philosopher, we use his real name. For him, human action is the foundation of our being. But human reality is also about being with others, so our actions are also directed towards others. This form of action is now called “Participation.”

the term “tribe” denotes a group of peoples living in a primitive setting under a leader or chief. This term associates it to other meaning such as “primitive society” or “preliterate society.”

It is a political unit in a certain territory. The term’s use is rooted from Latin which is associated to the political divisions or orders of the Roman empire.

They are small in scale; bound to their spatial and temporal range of relations in terms of society, law, and politics; and possess a moral code, cult, and wide range of belief system. The language
systems of here are unwritten which provides a narrow extent of communication. At the same time, this shows a self-sustaining structure which is absent in the modern society.

In this society, Feudalism refers to the economic, political, and social system that prevailed in Europe from about the ninth to the fifteenth century. Due to the lack of effective centralized government during this period, kings and lords granted land and provided protection to lesser nobles known as vassals.
Peasants known as serfs were bound to the land and were subject to the will of their lords.

A new economy after medieval period known as ??? is still in progress.

This world is known for its traditional land economy and military service, and an urban society.

is marked by a progress from a manufacturing-based to a service-based economy.

is most evident in countries and regions that were among the first to experience the Industrial Revolution, such as the United States, western Europe, and Japan.

He is an American sociologist, first coined the term ‘post-industrial’ in 1973 in his book “The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting,” which describes several features of this kind of society.

Is a person who is knowledgeable and responsible enough to effectively use different social platforms in the internet. They often engage in useful topics and issues that will help build a better society, politics and government.

In their book ???(2015) Engin Isin and Evelyn Ruppert suggest that if we constitute ourselves as digital citizens, we have become subjects of power in cyberspace.

According to ??? (1889-1976) in his book Being and Time, death is (a) certain, (b) indefinite, (c) one’s property, (d) non-relational, and (e) not to be outstripped.

are two things we cannot remove from our existence. Whether we like it or not, we will die.

It is indefinite. While it is sure to come, it is however indefinite as to when it will come. It is impending, meaning to say, it can happen anytime. We do not know exactly when.

It is an idea mostly used in existentialism which means having true and meaningful existence.

According to ???, we have to avoid the crowd – the majority of the society which we think that should be the pattern of our lives.