1what does the circulatory system do?
ties all the organ systems together
2functions of blood in the body
transport oxygen and nutrients, removes metabolic waste, regulates body temperature, delivers hormones and defends us
3what do WBCs protect us from?
infections & diseases
4Platelets protect us from?
bleeding out; initiates blood clots
6cells in blood
erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
7plasma is made of
92% water and 8% solutes
8RBCs have
bioconcave disc, no nucleus, and paler in the center
9Why are RBC's disc shaped?
gives them a larger surface area relative to their volume; ensures rapid diffusion of oxygen into and out of them
10Why are red blood cells red?
due to the 250-300 million hemoglobin proteins
11Leukocytes function
immunity
12Leukocytes
bigger than red blood cells; attack invading organism
13WBCs are mobile through
diapedesis, ameboid motion, chemotaxis
14Diapedesis
ability to move in and out of blood vessels
15ameboid motion
self propelling motion
16Chemotaxis
moving towards damaged tissue following a chemical trail
17Chemotaxis activates
leukocytes to initiate diapedesis & amoeboid motion
18Platelets (thrombocytes)
formed elements that are membrane-bounded, non-nucleated cell fragments that are involved in blood clotting
19Leukocytosis
Abnormally high WBC count
20Leukopenia
Abnormally low white blood cell count
21Leukemia
uncontrolled proliferation of WBC and reduction of RBC and platelets
22blood transportation through the veins
blood goes from heart to arteries; arteries become arterioles as they get smaller; arterioles reduce to capillaries; capillaries forms together to make venules; venules combine to become veins
23How big is the heart?
size of fist
24where is the heart located
2/3 to the left of the midsternal line on the superior surface of the diaphragm
25What surrounds the heart?
pericardium, a double-walled sac
26epicardium
outer layer of the heart
27Myocardium
muscular, middle layer of the heart
28endocardium
Inner layer of the heart
29How many chambers are in the heart?
4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles)
30what separates the two atria in the heart?
interatrial septum
31what separates the two ventricles in the heart?
interventricular septum
32the heart is
two side by side pumps
33The right side of the heart pumps
for the pulmonary circuit
34pulmonary circuit
the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
35The left side of the heart pumps
for the systemic circuit
36systemic circuit
vessels that carry the blood to and from all body tissues
37pathway of blood through the pulmonary circuit
right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, lungs
38pathway of blood through the systemic circuit
lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, aorta, systemic circulation
39which ventricle is bigger?
the left ventricle is
40Coronary ventricles
the functional blood supply to the heart muscle itself
41angina pectoris
chest pain caused by a temporary loss of oxygenated blood to heart muscle;
42myocardial infarction
(heart attack)
Prolonged coronary blockage
Areas of cell death are repaired with noncontractile scar tissue