Frequency

is the number of times a data value or groups of data values (called classes) occur in a data set.

A tabular representation of data showing how often each value (or range of values) occurs

A range of values within which data are grouped.

A method for counting frequencies before writing totals

The proportion or percentage of observations in each class.

The running total of frequencies up to a certain class.

is a listing of each data value or class of data values along with their frequencies

is the frequency divided by n the size of the sample. This gives the proportion of the entire data set represented by each value or class.

is a listing of each data value or class of data values along with their relative frequencies.

use graphs like bar graphs and pie graphs.

use graphs such as histograms and frequency polygons.

are pieces of information that allow us to classify the items under investigation into various categories

displays a bar for each category. The length of each bar indicates the frequency of that category

is a graph where the "pie" represents the entire sample and the "slices" represent the categories or classes. The size of the slice of the pie corresponds to the relative frequency for that category.

Steps in creating a frequency table:

Relative frequencies are expressed as