1Species
A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
2Heredity
the passing of traits, using genes, from one generation to the next
3gene
a section of DNA that codes for a protein
4allele
an alternative form of a gene
5locus
the position of the gene on a chromosome
6homozygous
means an individual has identical alleles
7heterozygous
means an individual has different alleles
8dominant allele
the allele that is expressed in the heterozygous condition
9recessive allele
the allele that is only expressed in the homozygous condition
10genotype
the genetic make up of an organism
11phenotype
the physical appearance of the organism
it's produced from the interaction of the genotype and the environment
12gamete
a haploid sex cell capable of fusion
13fertilisation
the fusion of two haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote
14incomplete dominance
in incomplete dominance, neither allele masks the expression of the other
15The Law of Segregation
!! States that organisms contain two factors for every trait. These factors separate in gamete formation, producing gametes with only one copy of each factor
16Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment
states that either member of a pair of alleles can pass into a gamete with either member of another pair of alleles.
17Linked genes
where genes for different traits are contained on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together
18sex-linked genes
genes found on the x chromosome or on the y chromosome
19non-nuclear dna
DNA not contained in the nucleus that is passed from one generation to the next
Mitochondria, chloroplasts