MNT for Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders: Part 2

Basal Metbolic Rate
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

Behaviors
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

Cholesterol level
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

Gastrointestinal
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

Proteins
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

Blood glucose
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

Vitamins
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

Complications
Hypothyroidism:
Hyperthyroidism:

refers to the hypersecretion of the parathyroid gland characterized by hypercalcemia.

Hyperparathyroidism happens due to too much activity in one or more parathyroid glands, which create what hormone?

Too much PTH raises ________ levels in the blood

PTH can stimulate kidney production of the active form of vitamin D. Which is?

______ use, a drug used to treat bipolar disorder, can affect calcium levels.

How to diagnose Hyperparathyroidism?

What is the MNT for Hyperparathyroidism?

refers to the hyposecretion of the parathyroid gland characterized by the hyperirritability of the nervous system as manifested by convulsions, crumps, muscle twitching and spasm.

The post-surgery cause of hypoparathyroidism is an activating mutation of the
________________ (CASR) gene also called autosomal dominant hypocalcemia type 1.

When ___________ levels are low, it often leads to low levels of calcium in the blood as well.

What is the MNT for Hypoparathyroidism?

Musculoskeletal
Hypoparathyroidism:
Hyperparathyroidism:

Gastrointestinal
Hypoparathyroidism:
Hyperparathyroidism:

Cardiovascular
Hypoparathyroidism:
Hyperparathyroidism:

Renal
Hypoparathyroidism:
Hyperparathyroidism:

a rare disorder caused by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the adrenal cortex

General appearance
Hypokalemia:
Hyperkalemia:

Cardiovascular/immune system
Hypokalemia:
Hyperkalemia:

Gastrointestinal system
Hypokalemia:
Hyperkalemia:

Musculoskeletal system
Hypokalemia:
Hyperkalemia:

Neurologic system
Hypokalemia:
Hyperkalemia:

The layers are the zona fasciulata that secretes _______ and the zona glomerulosa that secretes ________.

Stimulates gluconeogenesis. Increases breakdown of protein, thereby elevating serum protein levels

Increases sodium retention in kidneys with passive absorption of water. Increases renal excretion of potassium

where the adrenal glands are undamaged but cannot produce these hormones for other reasons such as due to abnormalities of the pituitary gland

is usually caused by damage to the adrenal cortex that results from an autoimmune reaction. caused by the inability of the adrenal cortex to produce hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.

What is the MNT of Addison's Disease?

also called hypercortisolism, is a rare disorder caused by chronic exposure to excessive circulating cortisol

Overproduction of steroid hormone cortisol in cushing’s syndrome is caused by too much production of what hormone?

How to diagnose Cushing's Syndrome?

What is the MNT of Cushing's Syndrome/Disease?

a rare genetic disorder characterized by inability of the body to metabolize copper because of lack of ceruloplasmin, the transport protein of copper.

The disease may be diagnosed using a thorough clinical evaluation, a complete patient history, and specialized tests that include slit-lamp examination of the eyes that reveals the presence of ___________?

Wilson's Disease can be revealed through tests of the fluid portion of the blood (serum) that demonstrate low levels of _________, a copper protei.;

What is the MNT for Wilson's Disease?

a disorder in iron metabolism characterized by the accumulation of iron in the liver, heart and pancreas. The abnormally stored iron can damage affected organs, potentially causing a variety of different symptoms.

Blood tests are performed to detect abnormal increased in iron levels
in the blood; elevated blood levels of an iron compound that is used as an indicator of the serum ____ levels, and increased________ saturation.

What is the MNT for Hemochromatosis?