1health
a state of physical and mental wellbeing
2communicable disease
can be passed from person to person, caused by pathogens
3non-communicable disease
cannot be passed from person to person
4pathogen
microorganism that causes disease
5tumour
a mass of abnormally growing cells
6benign tumour
non-cancerous tumour, does not spread around the body, can grow very large very quickly and cause pressure or damage to an organ
7malignant tumour
cancerous tumour, spreads around the body via the bloodstream or lymphatic stream (secondary tumours), interfere with regular tissue function and may cause death
8metastasis
the spread of cancer cells beyond their original site
9carcinogens
cancer-causing substances, cause genetic mutations
10examples of carcinogens
asbestos, benzene, cadmium, radon, chemicals in tobacco
11ionising radiation
can interrupt the cell cycle and cause tumour formation
12examples of ionising radiation
UV light, gamma rays, X-rays
13examples of viruses that cause cancer
hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, HPV
14chemotherapy
treatment of cancer with drugs
15radiotherapy
treatment using radiation