1- Most common neurobiological disorder in childhood
- Begins in childhood, continues through adulthood
- Classified by
- Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
ADHD
2what are the three types of ADHD
o Combined
o Inattentive
o Hyperactive-impulsive
3symptoms of ADHD must be present by age
12
4what is the average onset age for ADHD
7
5is ADHD more common in boys or girls
boys
6how many symptoms need to be present to diagnose
- 5-6 symptoms must be present, in multiple contexts, and show impact on function
7what is the etiology of ADHD
- Specific underlying cause unknown
- Combination of genetic and environmental factors
- Dopamine
- Brain abnormalities
8what percent of children have ADHD
what percent of adults have ADHD
children: 7-11%
adult: 3-5%
9what are the signs of ADHD inattention
o Fails to give close attention to detail, difficulty sustaining attention
o Does not appear to listen when spoken to
o Difficulty following through with instructions
o Poor organization skills
o Avoids sustained mental effort
o Loses necessary items
o Often easily distracted
o Often forgetful in daily activity
10what are the signs of ADHD hyperactive-impulsive
o Fidgets with hands, feet, body
o Moves around when expected to be sitting
o Runs about or feels restless
o Difficulty in quiet leisure activities
o Often “on the go” or uncomfortable being still
o Talks excessively
o Blurts out answers before questions completed
o Difficulty waiting or taking turns
11how is ADHD diagnosed
no single test is available for diagnosis
pediatricain often refers to specialist
12what are some co-morbid conditions for ADHD
o Autism
o Sensory processing
o Giftedness
o Learning disability
o Mental health conditions
Anxiety, depression, ODD, OCD, bipolar
13what is the course and prognosis of ADHD
lifelong disorder but clincal presentation changes overtime
14what percent of people with ADHD receive special education
30-50
15How does ADHD affect people in school
o High dropout rate (23-40%)
o Lower GPA
16what medications are used for ADHD
stimulants and nonstimulants
17what are the behavioral interventions for ADHD
o CBT
o Mindfulness
o coaching
18How does ADHD impact occupational performance
- All areas of occupation can be impacted
- Executive functioning skills
- Sleep
19Where might you work with individuals with ADHD?
School, outpatient, everywhere
20what considerations are there for ADHD
safety