Week 1 General Knowledge
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1
What is a lateral line?
Sense organ that detects movement in water
2
What does a hetercercal tail look like?
Asymmetrical
3
What does a homocercal tail look like?
Symmetrical
4
What do placoid scales look like? Which organisms typically have placoid scales?
Toothlike; sharks
5
What do ganoid scales look like? Which organisms typically have ganoid scales?
Diamond-shaped & not overlapping; gars
6
What do cycloid scales look like? Which organisms typically have cycloid scales?
Overlapping; salmon
7
What do ctenoid scales look like? Which organisms typically have ctenoid scales?
Rough & overlapping; bass, sunfish
8
What is a barbel?
An elongated fleshy projection usually found on the head
9
What is an ammocoete/ammocete?
Larval stage of lamprey
10
What are some characteristics of Petromyzontiformes, Petromyzontidae?
- Eel-like/snake-like body
- Sucker-disc mouth structure
- No scales, jaws, true teeth, paired fins, skeleton (purely cartilaginous)
- Ammocoetes
- Sucker-disc mouth structure
- No scales, jaws, true teeth, paired fins, skeleton (purely cartilaginous)
- Ammocoetes
11
What are some characteristics of Acipenseriformes, Acipenseridae/Polyodontidae?
- Primitive heterocercal caudal fin
- Large, bony plates (scutes) cover head & extend along body
- Prolonged, shovel-shaped snout with 4 fleshy barbels
- Large, bony plates (scutes) cover head & extend along body
- Prolonged, shovel-shaped snout with 4 fleshy barbels
12
What is a gular plate?
A bone in the ventral portion of a bowfin's (Amia calva) head
13
What is an ocellus?
Eye-like spot found only on males
14
What are some characteristics of Amiiformes, Amiidae?
- Gular plate
- Ocellus
- Long dorsal fin reaches almost to caudal fin
- Ocellus
- Long dorsal fin reaches almost to caudal fin
15
What are some characteristics of Lepisosteiformes, Lepisosteidae?
- Long jaws with sharp, needle-like teeth
- Dorsal and anal fins located at back of body
- Long, cylindrical body with ganoid scales
- Dorsal and anal fins located at back of body
- Long, cylindrical body with ganoid scales
16
What is a Tapetum lucidum?
A reflective layer in the eye
17
What are some characteristics of Hiodontiformes, Hiodontidae?
- Small head, large eyes
- Lateral line
- Strongly-compressed body
- Tapetum lucidum
- Lateral line
- Strongly-compressed body
- Tapetum lucidum
18
Define catadromous
Begin life cycle in saltwater, migrate to freshwater to mature, return to saltwater to spawn
19
What are some characteristics of Anguilliformes, Anguillidae?
- Long, slender, snake-like body
- Minute scales embedded to the skin
- Long dorsal fin that is continuous with caudal & anal fins
- Catadromous
- Minute scales embedded to the skin
- Long dorsal fin that is continuous with caudal & anal fins
- Catadromous
20
Define unicuspis
Single cusps of inner circle of teeth
21
What kind of mouth do sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) have?
Bicuspid lateral circumoral teeth
22
Which order/family are sit-and-wait ambush predators?
Lepisosteiformes, Lepisosteidae
23
Which fish of the ones we studied this week has a Tapetum lucidum?
Mooneye (Hiodon tergisus)
24
Which fish of the ones we studied this week is catadromous?
Americal eel (Anguilla rostrata)
25
What fish is this?
silver lamprey (Ichthyomyzon unicuspis)
26
What fish is this?
sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
27
What fish is this?
American brook lamprey (Lethenteron appendix)
28
What fish is this?
longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus)
29
What fish is this?
spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus)
30
What fish is this?
bowfin (Amia calva)
31
What fish is this?
mooneye (Hiodon tergisus)
32
What fish is this?
American eel (Anguilla rostrata)