Neuro flashcards for test 2

The drop in pressure after airflow draws the vocal folds closer together at the point of constriction, causing adduction and then a return to resting position.

Vocal fold vibration depends on myoelasticity of the laryngeal muscles and the aerodynamic component of airflow through a compressed tube.

Variation in vocal intensity between cycles.

Variation in vocal fold frequency or vibration between cycles.

The vocal register used for everyday phonation; vocal folds vibrate from inferior to superior.

Higher pitch than normal; vocal folds lengthen, thin, and tense with slight adduction.

Low, crackly voice quality with tightly approximated vocal folds.

The perceptual quality of voice determined by the rate of vocal fold vibration.

The most efficient and neutral pitch for a speaker’s voice.

The amplitude of the sound waveform caused by air pressure.

The perceptual correlate of intensity — how intensity is heard.

Describes the five layers of the vocal folds divided into cover, transition, and body.

Squamous epithelium and superficial lamina propria — thin, elastic, and essential for vibration.

Intermediate and deep lamina propria — provide elasticity, strength, and support between cover and body.

Thyroarytenoid muscle — the bulk and main contractile portion of the folds.

Ring-shaped cartilage located on top of the trachea.

Largest cartilage of the larynx.

Leaf-shaped structure that protects the larynx and trachea during swallowing.

Paired cartilages that control vocal fold movement.

Sit on top of the arytenoids.

Located next to the arytenoids; provide support.

Raise the larynx and vocal folds.

Lower the larynx and vocal folds.

All intrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve.

Control phonation; include the fibroelastic membrane, quadrangular membranes, aryepiglottic folds, conus elasticus, and vocal ligament.

Connect the larynx to external structures; include the thyrohyoid membrane, hyoepiglottic ligament, and cricotracheal ligament.

Entryway from the pharynx into the larynx.

Space between the aditus and the ventricular (false) folds.

False vocal folds that do not participate in phonation.

Form the lateral walls of the larynx; function in airway protection and closure.

Movement of the vocal folds toward the midline (closing).

Movement of the vocal folds away from the midline (opening).

Vocal folds are at resting length and not overly tense.

Vocal folds are stretched, thin, and tense.

Surgical removal of the larynx.

Number of sound wave cycles per second, measured in hertz, perceived as pitch.

The onset of phonation when the vocal folds adduct and vibration begins.

Amplitude of the sound wave caused by pressure, perceived as loudness.