Increased Social Tensions

WASPs feared them

1924 'National Origins Act', 1929 Quota reduction, 1925 Border Patrol

1924, share of population in US countries could send lowered to 2%

1929, quota for immigrants outside west reduced to 150,000

1925, prevent illegal immigration

Comintern organisation in USSR promoted worldwide revolution, general strikes, mail bombs, bomb attacks

100,000 workers in Seattle

1919 - 40 mail bombs sent to important politicians and industrialists

8 cities

Attorney General, bomb attack outside his house, set up General Intelligence Division - raids

600 radicals deported, Deer Island held Boston's radicals - died from extreme cold and one committed suicide

107 confirmed alibis, other men confessed to murder of Fred Parmenter, Judge Thayer called them 'anarchist bastards'

Vanzetti previous conviction of armed robbery, ballistics expert claimed bullet matched Sacco's gun, both carrying loaded guns at time of arrest

Jim Crow laws, 1% able to go to high school, 76 lynched in 1919

1.5 million migrated to northern cities, Harlem - New York ghetto, 1919 race riots in 24 places across the country - white workers

1915 restarted by William Simmons, divided into Klaverns, Kleagles - local leaders

1923 - 5 million, Governor of Alabama, 1929 - 200,000

fundamentalists and modernists, Butler Act - no evolution in schools, Bible Belt

John Scopes agreed to teach evolution

William Jennings-Bryan, ran for president 3 times

Clarence Darrow, lawyer, agnostic

first trial reported word for word on national radio, Butler Act remained until 1967

anti-saloon league, argued it damaged society, 1917 - around half states passed prohibition laws

one partnership of prohibition agents seized around 5 million bottles in the 20s

moonshine, speakeasies, prohibition agents, lack of public support, huge American border, gangsters

made at home, 34 deaths form wood alcohol poisoning in NYC over 4 days, industrial/medical alcohol turned into drinking

32,000 in New York

budget only 2 million, only 2,500 agents - poorly paid

cost economy 11 billion, 1929 - consumption back to 70% 1914 levels

Canadian whisky, Mexican tequila

Al Capone earned 105 million a year, 1929 St Valentine's massacre, Chicago Mayor Big Bill Thompson supported by gangsters, Al Capone arrested for income tax avoidance, loan sharks

1929 - Capone tried to kill Bugs Moran - 7 men killed

by November 1924 - 200 in Chicago