1When was the first Round Table Conference?
November 1930
2Who ran the first Round Table Conference and who attended?
It was opened by Lord Irwin and chaired by Labour MP Ramsey MacDonald. There were 16 delagates for 3 GB parties, 58 delagates from India (none from Congress) and 16 delagates sent by Princes. Nehru and Gandhi din't attend as they were still arrested
3What was the progress like during the first RTC?
They made good progress. India would run as a type of dominion - similar to Canada or Australia. It would be a fedoration with 11 provinces and Princely states. The government would have Indians at all levels. People were happy about this
4What did Britain do with New Dehli (February 1931)?
They made New Dehli into the administrative capital of the Raj
5Why did some people disagree with the change of New Dehli?
It had grown out of the financial and political centre of many ancient Indian empires and the buildings were designed by British architects - they were very western
6When was the second Round Table Conference?
1931
7Who attended the second RTC?
A similar mix of people attended the first and second conference, however Gandhi attended as the Congress representitive,
Jinnah represented the Muslim League and Dr Ambedkar represented the untouchables
8Why was the second RTC different to the first?
Gandhi hoped to symbolise the unity of Indian nationalists, however
9When was the Communal Award?
16th August 1932
10Who attended the second RTC?
A similar selection of people as the first, however
11What did Gandhi do as he disagreed with the Communal
He went on hunger strike
12Why did Britain stop Gandhi's hunger strike?
They didn't want him to die as it would reflect badly on them
13What was the Yeravda (Poona) Act?
Gandhi and Dr Ambedkar (the leader of the untouchables) decided that reserved seats would be doubled, however they would remove seperate electorates. This was accepted by Britain so Gandhi stopped his hunger strike
14When was the third Round Table Conference?
November - December 1932
15Who attended the third RTC?
46 attennded. None were from Congress or Labour
16What was discussed during the third RTC?
They discussed the franchise, finances and Princely states, however they didn't make any conclusions
17What was the result of the third RTC?
Britain decided that they would come to their own conclusion
18How did the situation in Britain contribute to the failure of the RTC?
The fall of the Labour party led to Conservative rule in Britain. They had less sympathy for Britain
19How did problems with Congress contribute to the failure of the RTC?
Gandhi caused lots of disagreement amongst the RTC and claimed to represent all Indian nationalists
20How did divisions amongst Indian groups lead to the failure of the RTC?
Many people disagreed with the idea of having seperate electorates, it was hard for them to come to conclusions
21What is the Viceroy?
A governor in India comparable to the Prime Minister
22What is a Federation?
a group of provinces with a central government but independence in internal affairs.
23What is the Legislative Assembly?
They are the organisation that makes laws
24What is white paper?
It is the draft of a law
25What was the Government of India Act 1935?
A federation between British India and the Princely States. It divided India into provinces and abolished the dyarchy
26What was the viceroy able to do after the GOIA 1935?
The viceroy was in control of defence and foreign affairs, however he had to follow the advice of an Executive Committee, who were mostly Indians
27What were people's opinions of the GIOA 1935?
No-one liked it. India thought it wasn't going far enough but Britain thought it was going too far
28When would the GOIA be fully in place?
It would be fully in place after the 1937 provincial elections
29What was the significance of the 1937 election results on Congress?
Overall Congress won. They were the largest single party and they also won all of the seats that were open to the general election
30What was the significance of the 1937 election results on the Muslim League?
The ML didn't do well. They lacked strong leadership until 1937 and only won around 15% of the Muslim seats
31What were some things that Jinnah did to try to rebuild the strength of the ML?
Jinnah campaigned and tried to attract uni students. He also persuaded smaller Muslim groups to merge with his. Jinnah tried to meet with Gandhi, Nehru and Bose, however this was unsuccsessful
32How did Congress first decide to assign a new leader?
They held a vote, which Bose won, however he was pressured to quit
33Why didn't Bose quit being the leader of Congress?
He wouldn't quit as Nehru wouldn't step in for himand he refused to step asside for Gandhi's nominee, Pattabhi
34What was the effect of the new leadership on Gandhi's faction?
12 members quit and Gandhi refused to help Bose. Nehru's attempt at mediation also failed
35Who replaced Bose after he retired as leader?
Prasad
36What did Bose and his brother do after leaving Congress?
They decided to form a revolution