13 levels of biodiversity
1. genetic
2. species
3. ecosystem
2Ecosystem diversity
More diversity on landscape, more opportunities for different types of species
3Benefits of biodiversity
1. Provisioning
2. Ecosystem regulation
3. Cultural services
4. Supporting services
5. Ethical considerations
4Provisioning
Providing raw materials for human use
5Ecosystem regulation
Productivity, resource use efficiency, facilitation, etc
6Resource use efficiency
Diverse ecosystems will use resources most efficiently
7Facilitation
When presence of one species creates conditions for other species
8Resistance vs Resilience
Resistance is the ability to withstand disturbance, while resilience is the ability to recover after a disturbance
9Supporting systems
Enable all other ecosystem services (pollination, pest control)
10Threats to biodiversity
Habitat loss (#1 cause), overexploitation, invasive species, pollution, climate change