Carbohydrates
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1
Most Carbohydrates are _________?
- monomers
- polymers
- dipeptides
2
What is a Polymer?
Large complex molecules, composed of long chains of monomers joining together
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What is a monomer?
Small, basic, molecular units.
4
Carbohydrates are made from ________?
- Monosaccharides
- Monomers
- Polymers
5
What elements do all carbohydrates contain?
C, H and O Monosaccharides Glucose, Fructose and Galactose
6
What is a Hexose sugar?
- a monosaccharide with six carbon atoms in each molecule
- a monosaccharide with four carbon atoms in each molecule
- a monosaccharide with eight carbon atoms in each molecule
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There are 2 types of glucose, what are they?
Alpha glucose and Beta glucose
8
What are isomers?
molecules with the same molecular formula as each other, but with the atoms connected in a different way
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16
What reaction joins monosaccharides together?
A condensation reaction
17
What is a condensation reaction?
. A condensation reaction is when 2 molecules join together with the formation of a new chemical bond, and a water molecule is released when the bond is formed
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A glycosidic bond forms between...
the 2 monosacharides as a molecule of water is released
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A disaccharide is formed when...
2 monosaccharides join together
20
_______ is a __________ formed from a condensation reaction between a glucose molecule and a fructose molecuke
Sucrose
Dissaccharide
Dissaccharide
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_______ is another _________ formed from a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule
Lactose
Disaccharide
Disaccharide
22
How can you break polymer's down into monomers?
A hydrolysis reaction.
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What is a hydrolysis reaction?
A hydrolysis reaction breaks the chemical bond between monomers using a water molecule.