Secondary Hemostasis (Coagulation Factors)

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1
Primary site of production for most coagulation factors is the
LIVER (except for Factors III and IV)
2
Major site of production for Factor VIII and its vWF portion is
Megakaryocytes and endothelial cells (for vWF portion)
3
Coagulation factors found to be increased in liver disease are
Factors I and VIII
4
Coagulation factor characterized by having the shortest half-life of 6 hours is
Factor VII
5
Laboratory test noted as very good to assess liver function in the acute setting due to early reduction of Factor VII is
Prothrombin Time (PT)
6
Coagulation pathway requiring Factor VII for activation is the
Extrinsic pathway
7
Inheritance pattern common to all coagulation factor deficiencies except Factors VIII and IX is
Autosomal recessive
8
Inheritance pattern for Factor VIII and Factor IX deficiencies is
X-linked recessive
9
Procoagulant identified as the most concentrated among all plasma procoagulants is
Fibrinogen (Factor I)
10
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Fibrinogen (Factor I) are
340,000 Daltons; 100 to 150 hours; 200 to 400 mg/dL
11
Coagulation screening test results expected when fibrinogen level falls below 100 mg/dL are
Prolonged PT and aPTT
12
Role of Fibrinogen in primary hemostasis involves
Essential for platelet aggregation by linking activated platelets through GP IIb/IIIa receptors
13
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Prothrombin (Factor II) are
71,600 Daltons; 60 hours; 10 mg/dL
14
Alternative names for Factor III are
Tissue Factor / Tissue Thromboplastin / Thrombokinase
15
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Tissue Factor (Factor III) are
44,000 Daltons; insoluble half-life; None in plasma
16
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Calcium ions (Factor IV) are
40 Daltons; N/A half-life; 8 to 10 mg/dL
17
Alternative names for Factor V are
Proaccelerin / Labile Factor / Thrombogen
18
Mutated form of Factor V first described by Dutch investigators from the city of Leiden is
Factor V Leiden
19
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor V are
330,000 Daltons; 24 hours; 1 mg/dL
20
Effect of Protein C-Protein S complex on Factors V and VIII vs Factor V Leiden is
Inactivates Factors V and VIII, but Factor V Leiden is NOT inactivated, leading to excessive clot formation
21
Alternative names for Factor VII are
Proconvertin / Stable Factor
22
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor VII are
50,000 Daltons; 6 hours; 0.05 mg/dL
23
Alternative names for Factor VIII are
Antihemophilic Factor A (AHF-A) / Antihemophilic globulin (AHG)
24
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor VIII are
330,000 Daltons; 12 hours; 0.01 mg/dL
25
Mechanism of Factor VIII activation during blood coagulation involves
Thrombin cleaves Factor VIII from vWF and activates it
26
Portion of Factor VIII complex referred to as Factor VIII, Factor VIIIC, or Factor VIII:C is
Procoagulant portion measured by standard Factor VIII assays and aPTT (markedly decreased in Hemophilia A)
27
Portion of Factor VIII complex measured by immunoassays representing antigenic properties is
Factor VIII: Ag
28
Portion of Factor VIII complex responsible for platelet aggregation in the presence of ristocetin is
Factor VIIIR:RCo (ristocetin cofactor)
29
Antigenic portion of the von Willebrand factor measured by immunoassays is
vWF:Ag
30
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) are
600,000 to 20,000,000 Daltons; 24 hours; 1 mg/dL
31
Receptor site binding capabilities of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) include
Receptor sites for BOTH platelets and collagen to help bind platelets to exposed subendothelial collagen
32
Primary platelet surface receptor for von Willebrand Factor (vWF) is
GP Ib/IX/V
33
Alternative names for Factor IX are
Christmas Factor / Antihemophilic Factor B (AHF-B) / Plasma Thromboplastin Component (PTC)
34
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor IX are
57,000 Daltons; 24 hours; 0.3 mg/dL
35
Alternative name for Factor X is
Stuart-Prower Factor
36
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor X are
58,800 Daltons; 48 to 52 hours; 1 mg/dL
37
Alternative names for Factor XI are
Antihemophilic Factor C (AHF-C) / Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent (PTA)
38
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor XI are
143,000 Daltons; 48 to 84 hours; 0.5 mg/dL
39
Alternative names for Factor XII are
Hageman Factor / Glass Factor / Contact Factor
40
Clinical bleeding tendency vs thrombotic risk associated with Factor XII deficiency is
Has no bleeding tendency; has a thrombotic tendency
41
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor XII are
84,000 Daltons; 48 to 70 hours; 3 mg/dL
42
Alternative names for Factor XIII are
Fibrin Stabilizing Factor / Fibrinase / Laki-Lorand Factor
43
Laboratory screening test utilized to detect Factor XIII deficiency is
5M urea clot solubility test (or Duckert's test)
44
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Factor XIII are
320,000 Daltons; 150 hours; 2 mg/dL
45
Alternative name for Prekallikrein (PK) is
Fletcher Factor
46
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of Prekallikrein (PK) are
85,000 Daltons; 35 hours; 35 to 50 µg/mL
47
Alternative names for High-molecular-weight Kininogen (HMWK) are
Reid Factor / Williams Factor / Fitzgerald Factor / Flaujeac Factor
48
Molecular weight, half-life, and mean plasma concentration of HMWK are
120,000 Daltons; 156 hours; 5 mg/dL
49
Platelet phospholipid substance considered a key coagulation factor (formerly Platelet Factor 3 or PF-3) is
Phosphatidylserine
50
Definition of zymogens in the coagulation cascade refers to
Inactive form of circulating coagulation enzymes
51
Eight coagulation factors that circulate as zymogens include
Prothrombin (II), VII, IX, X, XI, XII, Prekallikrein, and XIII
52
Coagulation factors that function as cofactors include
Tissue factor (III), Factor V, Factor VIII, and HMWK
53
Factors comprising the Intrinsic Coagulation Pathway are
XII, XI, IX, VIII (12, 11, 9, 8)
54
Factors comprising the Extrinsic Coagulation Pathway are
III and VII (3 and 7)
55
Factors comprising the Common Coagulation Pathway are
X, V, II, I (10, 5, 2, 1)
56
Factors comprising the Fibrinogen Group are
I, V, VIII, XIII (1, 5, 8, 13)
57
Factors comprising the Prothrombin Group are
II, VII, IX, X (2, 7, 9, 10)
58
Factors comprising the Contact Group are
XII, XI, PK, HMWK (12, 11, Prekallikrein, High-mol.-weight kininogen)
59
Presence of Fibrinogen Group factors in serum vs plasma is
Absent in serum (consumed during clotting)
60
Vitamin K and Calcium dependency of Fibrinogen Group factors are
Vitamin K-independent and Calcium-dependent
61
Presence of Prothrombin Group factors in aged serum is
Present in aged serum, EXCEPT Factor II
62
Vitamin K and Calcium dependency of Prothrombin Group factors are
Vitamin K-dependent and Calcium-dependent
63
Adsorbing agents used to remove Prothrombin Group factors from plasma are
Barium sulfate (BaSO4) or Aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3]
64
Vitamin K and Calcium dependency of Contact Group factors are
Vitamin K-independent and Calcium-independent
65
Definition of PIVKA (Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence) is
Inactive, nonfunctional factor forms produced under conditions of Vitamin K absence or antagonism
66
Application of the traditional coagulation cascade concept is
Used extensively to interpret in vitro laboratory tests and identify factor deficiencies
67
Coagulation factors activated directly by Thrombin are
Factors I, V, VIII, and XIII
68
Components comprising the Tenase Complex are
Factor IXa, Platelet Factor 3 (PF-3), Calcium, and Factor VIIIa
69
Components comprising the Prothrombinase Complex are
Factor Xa, Platelet Factor 3 (PF-3), Calcium, and Factor Va
70
Phase of coagulation in which Calcium is NOT involved is
Contact phase
71
Solubility characteristic of a stabilized fibrin clot in 5M Urea is
NOT soluble in 5M Urea
72
Two essential cell types required for in vivo (physiologic) cell-based coagulation complexes are
Tissue factor-bearing cells (extravascular) and Platelets (intravascular)
73
Two main phases describing in vivo coagulation are
Initiation and Propagation
74
Site of occurrence and thrombin yield during the INITIATION phase of in vivo coagulation are
Occurs on tissue factor-bearing cells and generates 3% to 5% of total thrombin
75
Site of occurrence and thrombin yield during the PROPAGATION phase of in vivo coagulation are
Occurs on platelets and produces ≥ 95% of the total thrombin
76
Primary triggering complex that initiates in vivo coagulation on tissue factor-bearing cells is
TF:VIIa complex (activates Factors IX and X)
77
Complexes that assemble on activated platelet membranes during the propagation phase to produce a burst of thrombin are
IXa:VIIIa and Xa:Va complexes
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