1acid
Any compound that increases the number of hydrogen (hydronium ions) when dissolved in water
2base
A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution; and usually possesses a large number of hydroxide ions
3hydroxide
(OH-) Ion often associated with bases
4pH scale
Measurement of the hydrogen ion concentration of solutions; scale that identifies acids & bases; pH range is 0 - 14
5Alkaline
a basic substance; chemically, a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl ions; a measure of the base content of the water.
8neutral
A solution with a pH of 7.
9indicators
Chemical solution containing a dye that changes colour depending on the pH
10electrolyte
A substance that dissolves in water to form a solution that can conduct electric current through it
11What are the 3 categories of electrolyte substances?
Acids, Bases, and Salts (ionic compounds)
12buffer
A solution that resists changes in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added.
13neutralization reaction
the reaction of an acid and a base to form a neutral solution of water and a salt
14What are the reactants in a neutralization reaction?
an Acid + a Base
15What are the products of a neutralization reaction?
Water + a Salt (ionic compound)
18Reacts with metals; corrosive
ACIDS
19pH ranges from 0 - 7
ACIDS
20pH ranges from 7 - 14
BASES
21Releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in water
BASES
22Releases hydrogen ions (H+) in water
ACIDS
24Affects change in indicators
ACIDS and BASES
25Caustic to living tissues
BASES and ACIDS
26Hydrogen ion
(H+) ion associated with all acids
27Mg(OH)2 -- Is this an acid or base?
BASE -- (OH-) ion is present at the end
28HNO3 -- Is this an acid or base?
ACID -- (H+) ion is present first
29KNO3 -- Is this an acid or base?
NEITHER -- it is a salt (ionic compound)
30hydronium
H3O+ ion produced when the H+ released by an acid, binds with a water molecule -- ion that identifies a solution as being an acid
31weak bonds
break easily into ions during dissolving to release many ions into solution -- this is a characteristic of strong acids & strong bases
32strong bonds
hold molecules together more strongly when dissolving so few ions are released into solution -- this is a characteristic of weak acids & weak bases