1What is Distributed Computing?
A model where software components are shared across multiple computers for efficiency and performance.
2What is Cluster Computing?
A group of tightly coupled computers working as a single system via high-speed LANs.
3What is Grid Computing?
A distributed network of loosely coupled computers used for large-scale computational tasks.
4What is Cloud Computing?
On-demand delivery of computing resources and services over the internet.
5One benefit of Distributed Computing?
Enhanced performance by handling larger and more complex computations.
6Another benefit of Distributed Computing?
Cost efficiency through resource sharing.
7How does Distributed Computing improve reliability?
By using redundancy and fault tolerance mechanisms.
8How is Distributed Computing scalable?
It can easily expand to meet increasing demand without major changes.
9How is Distributed Computing flexible?
It supports a wide range of applications from research to commerce.
10An application of Distributed Computing in science?
Simulations, data analysis, and modeling in physics, biology, and climate.
11An application of Distributed Computing in big data?
Processing large datasets using distributed platforms.
12An application of Distributed Computing in cloud services?
Providing computing resources on demand.
13An application of Distributed Computing in content delivery?
Distributing web content globally for fast access.
14An application of Distributed Computing in finance?
Real-time trading, risk analysis, and fraud detection.
15An application of Distributed Computing in healthcare?
Medical data analysis and telemedicine.
16An application of Distributed Computing in e-commerce?
Online shopping platforms and payment processing.
17What is Peer-to-Peer Computing?
A distributed network where nodes act as both clients and servers without central control.
18What is Edge Computing?
Processing data near the source of generation to reduce latency and bandwidth usage.
19What is Fog Computing?
Extending cloud computing closer to the edge of the network for distributed infrastructure.
20What is a Node in Distributed Computing?
A machine or device that participates in computation, storage, and communication.
21What is a Network in Distributed Computing?
The medium for communication between nodes, such as LAN, WAN, or Internet.
22What is a Topology in Distributed Computing?
The layout or arrangement of nodes in a network.
23What is a Bus Topology?
All nodes connected to a single communication line.
24What is a Star Topology?
Nodes connected to a central hub.
25What is a Ring Topology?
Each node connected to two others in a closed loop.
26What is a Mesh Topology?
Nodes are interconnected, allowing multiple data paths.
27What is a Hybrid Topology?
A combination of two or more network topologies.
28What does TCP/IP provide?
Reliable data transmission in distributed systems.
29What does UDP provide?
Low-latency communication without guaranteed delivery.
30What is RPC in Distributed Computing?
Remote Procedure Call allowing execution on remote nodes.
31What is MPI used for?
Message Passing Interface for communication in parallel computing.
32What are SOAP and REST used for?
Protocols for communication in web services.
33What is the Client-Server Model?
Clients request services from centralized servers.
34What is Three-Tier Architecture?
Divides applications into presentation, logic, and data layers.
35What is Service-Oriented Architecture?
An architecture where components provide reusable services over a network.
36What is Microservices Architecture?
Applications structured as independent, loosely coupled services.
37What is Event-Driven Architecture?
A model where components communicate by producing and consuming events.
38What is a Distributed File System?
A system managing and storing files across multiple servers for reliability and access.
39What is HDFS?
A distributed file system designed for high throughput access to large datasets.
40What is Google File System?
A scalable distributed file system optimized for large data streaming.
41What is Data Replication?
Storing copies of data on multiple nodes for availability and fault tolerance.
42What is Synchronous Replication?
Data copies updated immediately across nodes.
43What is Asynchronous Replication?
Data copies updated later, allowing delays.
44What is Data Partitioning?
Dividing a database into smaller pieces to improve scalability and performance.
45What is Range-based Partitioning?
Data divided into ranges of values.
46What is Hash-based Partitioning?
Data divided using a hash function.
47What is List-based Partitioning?
Data divided according to a predefined list of values.
48What is Blockchain?
A decentralized ledger that records transactions across many computers.
49What is a Consensus Mechanism?
A process ensuring agreement on blockchain transactions.
50One application of Blockchain?
Cryptocurrency and smart contracts.
51One advantage of Blockchain?
Enhanced security and transparency.
52One challenge of Blockchain?
Scalability and energy consumption.
53What is IoT in Distributed Computing?
Integration of connected devices with distributed systems.
54How does Edge Computing support IoT?
By processing data near IoT devices to reduce latency.
55How does Fog Computing support IoT?
By extending cloud services closer to IoT devices.
56One application of IoT with Distributed Computing?
Smart cities and industrial automation.
57One challenge of IoT in Distributed Computing?
Interoperability and data security.
58What is Federated Learning?
Training machine learning models across decentralized devices without centralizing data.
59What are Distributed Neural Networks?
Neural networks trained across multiple nodes in a distributed system.
60One benefit of AI in Distributed Systems?
Improved real-time decision making and scalability.
61One challenge of AI in Distributed Systems?
Data privacy and resource management.