1IP are made up of
32 bits
2IPv6 are made up of
128 bits
3DNS servers are connected in a
distributed hierachy
4Networking infrasturructe that spans the globe & connects billions of computers
The Internet
5Info that travels over the Internet does so through...
protocols
6standard that must be followed by everyone using or is connected to the internet
protocols
7IP stands for...
Internet Protocol
8Internet started as a
government project known as ARPANET
9When was ARPANET made
1969
10What four computer & universities were invovled in ARPANET?
- University of CA
- Santa Barbara UCLA
- Stanford Research Center
- University of Utah
11ARPANET stands for...
Advanced Research Projects Agency Networks
12Internet was made back in the
1960s
13ARPANET to 1990 was used for
Internet was used for research and communications mainly by:
Academic Institutions
Scientists
Government
14The WEB was made in the
1991s
15It's an information-sharing model built on top of the Internet.
user-determined and non-sequential design using hyperlinks
WWW
16HTTP stands for..
hypertext transfer protocol
17What's used to transmit data?
HTTP
18What is used to access web docs?
browsers
19Who's in charge of the Internet?
The concept of the Internet is that it must be decentralizeed. There is no one building or campus of buildings, that if destroyed, would "knock out" the Internet
TLDR: No one person is
20The internet consists of
many thousands of interconnected networks run by service providers, individual companies, universities, governments, and others
21Internet Oversights:
ISOC - The Internet Society (Internet Security Operations Comamnds) develops and sets technological standards, education & policy
ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assignmned Names and Numbers responsible for Internet domain names and IP addresses
W3C - World Wide Web Consortium develops standards for the web
22How the Internet works
Distributed Networks (vs. Centralized)
- national communication network resistant to attack.
- allowed communication even if parts of the network were damaged
23messages contained in software "packets" could travel via different paths, through all computers to their destination.
"Connectionless" communication - can send messages without establishing a connection
- allows the same data path to be shared among many users in the network
Packet switching - opposite of circuit switching
24Packet switching
packets of data flow over shared routes between networks
if receiver is not available, data is resent
dynamic routing
- message is broken into multiple smaller units, each containing source and destionation address
- router determines least congested path to follow
packets are reassembled at destination
25IP (Internet Procotcol) specifies the technical format of packets and the addressing scheme for computers to communicate over a network.
TCP (Transmission control protocol) established a virutal connection between the soruce and destination
2 versions of Internet Protocol (IP)
IPv4 (32 bits)
IPv6 (128 bits) IPV6 is an upgrade to the IPv4.
- allows for many, many, more IP addresses
v4 = version 4
v6 = version 6
domain name address is entered from your computer -> ISP looks for the address in the DNS -> DNS returns the corresponding IP address to the ISP -> ISP returns the IP address to the computer
PC -> router -> modem -> ISP -> Internet
26Example of IPv4:
102.45.108.3 -- 32 bits
Allwos for 4,294,967,296 IP addresses
There wasn't enough IPv4 addresses to IPv6 was made
27Example of IPv6
2027:oda8:8b73:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:1337 --128 bits
- includes hexadecimal notation
allows for 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 IP addresses
28use the most efficient routes to send messages
Routers
29Dynamic IP address
- a temporary address that is assigned to a device or node when it is connected to anetwork/internet
assignned from a pool of available addresses form yoru ISP
30STatic addresses (fixed address)
a permanent address, such as those assigned to websites or business severs