1constitutional isomer
compound that have the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms
2polar covalent bond
a bond with electronegative values of the two atoms is between 0.5 and 1.7
3Aufbau principle
determines the order in which orbitals are filled by electrons
the lowest energy orbital is filled first
4Pauli exclusion principle
rule that says an orbital can have a maximum of 2 electrons with opposite spin
5sp3 hybridized
a carbon atom with four single bonds(four sigma bonds)
6sp2 hybridized
a carbon atom with three sigma bonds and one pi bond
7sp hybridized
a carbon atom with two sigma bonds and two pi bonds
8neutral oxygen atom
has two bonds and two lone pairs
9oxygen atom with positive charge
has three bonds and one lone pair
10oxygen atom with negative charge
has one bond and three lone pairs
11neutral oxygen atom
has three bonds and one lone pair
12nitrogen atom with positive charge
has four bonds and no lone pairs
13nitrogen atom with negative charge
has two bonds and two lone pairs
14Bronsted Lowry acid
proton donors
15Bronsted Lowry base
proton acceptors
16Lewis acid
electron pair acceptor
electrophile
17Lewis base
electron pair donor
nucleophile