1What are some facts about the endocrine system?
Uses hormones
effect is slow but long lasting
2What are 2 types of glands and their pathways ?
Exocrine - secrets into ducts > external environment
endocrine - secrets into ECF > circulatory system
3What are the 6 endocrine glands?
Pitutary
thymus
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal
pineal
4What endocrine hormone does the pancreas release?
Insulin
5What endocrine hormone does the kidney produce?
erythropoietin, Renin
6What endocrine hormone does the stomach secrete?
Gastrin
secretin
7What endocrine hormone does the small intestine secrete?
CCK - cholecystokinin
8What do hormones help regulate?
Regulate:
fluid balance, glandular activity, metabolism, immune system, muscle contraction
9What are some effects hormones can have on cells?
alter cell perm
stim synthesis of protein and hormones
de/activate hormones
stim secretion
mitosis
10What are the 2 chemical classifications of hormones ?
fat soluble = steroids
water soluble = Amino acid based
11How do water soluble hormones work?
hormone finds surface receptor passes to 2nd messenger (cAMP) passes message to receptor in nucleus the effects
effects = stim of secretion, change in perm
12How do fat soluble hormones work ?
hormones diffuse through membrane where they attach to receptor > enter nucleus > effects on DNA
effect = gene on/off
13what are the 3 kinds of water soluble hormones?
amino hormones = nor/epinephrine
peptide hormones = ADH ( short chain of amino acids)
protein hormones = insulin, growth hormone
14How is the releas of hormones regulated?
the blood is constantly monitored by the hypothalamus and the secreting organs fore changes in the blood chemical comp.
15what is up regulation?
up regulation is when the amount of receptor on a cell is increased therefore making the cell more sensitive to that hormone.
16What is down regulation?
when the amount of receptor on a cell decreases due to prolong exposure to hormones
17What are the 2 parts of the pituitary gland and their functions ?
Anterior lobe (75%) = makes hormones based on communication through hypophyseal portal system to hypothalamus
posterior lobe = releases Nero hormones from axons and store sythesizd hormones
18Whatis the neurohypohysis? what is prudes here?
Posterior pit gland and infundibulum
produces = ADH and oxytocin
19What is ADH?
Antidiruteuc hormone = stim water reaborption prevents dehydration
ALSO increase bp by vasoconstriction
ETOH inhibits the production
20What is oxytocin ?
Stim contraction of the uterus due to distention
stim of hormone by stim of nipple for milk ejection
provides nurturing feeling
21What are the 4 fat soluble hormones?
estrogen testosterone progesterone cortisol