Hepatitis A

Acute Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)

Single stranded ssRNA(+) genome (7.48 kb); 3 different genotypes; spherical virio 27-30nm; nonenveloped

Humans

Digestive Tract

Fecal-oral route (most likely), contaminated food and water, person to person, virus is infectious for months in some enviroments

2-7 weeks

Ingested virus infects liver. Replicates in liver cells and is eventually released into bile and elminated in feces. Cellular damage and acute inflammation interfere with normal liver function

Last 2-3 weeks; Dark urine (bilirubinemia), Jaundice, Clay colored feces, enlarged liver, mild flulike symptoms

7%- <5 yrs old; 37% 5-9 yrs; 70% in adolescents and adults

Relapsing hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, loss of bile production, rarely severe liver damage or failure

Vaccination, good hygiene practices, safe food handling practices, effective sanitation

Rest, fluids, adequate nutrition