Human Ancestors
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1
side branch of human evolution that went extinct, the most derived Australopiths, largest teeth, flattest face, large sagittal crest, bipedal, sexually dimorphic, craniodental adaptations to hard object feeding
paranthropus
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most abundantly and widely distributed early hominins
australopiths
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a ridge of bone that runs down the middle of the cranium like a short mohawk
saggital crest
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why did the paranthopus go extinct
biological adaptation led their bodies to be specialized to an environment that eventually stopped existing
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Kenya and Ethiopia, oldest known species of Australopithecus, slightly parabolic jaw, tibia similar to humans
Australopithecus anamensis
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Ethiopia and Tanzania, sexual dimorphism, Lucy was an example of this species
Australopithecus afarensis
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South Africa
wide pelvis
no sagittal crest, less prognathism, small supraorbital torus (brow ridge)
wide pelvis
no sagittal crest, less prognathism, small supraorbital torus (brow ridge)
Australopithecus africanus
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South Africa (Malapa Cave)
Latest occurring species of Australopithecus so far
Long arms, primitive feet, small teeth, human-like pelvises and hands
Has many primitive features so unlikely to be a direct human ancestors
Latest occurring species of Australopithecus so far
Long arms, primitive feet, small teeth, human-like pelvises and hands
Has many primitive features so unlikely to be a direct human ancestors
Australopithecus sediba
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Ethiopia
Sagittal crest
Potential first toolmaker
Sagittal crest
Potential first toolmaker
Australopithecus garhi
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East Africa, 2.7-2.5 MYA
Paranthropus aethiopicus
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East Africa, 2.3-1.2 MYA
Paranthropus boisei
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South Africa, 2.0-1.2 MYA
Paranthropus robustus
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oldest possible tool industry, West Turkana, Kenya
Lomekwian
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Oldest well supported tool industry
Oldowan
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only flaked on one side, earliest tools
Unifacial Flaking
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