chp 13: mutations and genetic testing

change in the sequence of bases in a gene (ex: sickle cell disease codon GAG to GTG)

replication error, transposons, mutagens

jumping genes. pieces of DNA that move within and between chromosomes

environmental influences

silent mutation and missense mutation

change in one base

causes single amino acid change (a missense mutation)

if the amino acid is unchanged

a change in amino acid

insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotide pairs, which affects all the downstream codons

insertion of genetic material into human cells for treatment of a disorder

removal of tissue followed by insertion of a normal gene and replacement in an individual in an attempt to treat a disorder

insertion of a normal gene into a person's body in treating a genetic disorder

a virus because they are able to transport their genomes into affected hosts

a DNA molecule that carries a specific DNA segment into a cell

CRISPR and RNAi