1Spearman
general intelligence AKA the 2 Factor Theory of Intelligence
2L. L. Thurstone
56 tests broken into 7 categories
word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, memory, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning
3Howard Gardner
Theory of Multiple Intelligences
spatial, naturalistic, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, interpersonal, intrapersonal
4Robert Sternberg
Triarchic Theory
3 intelligences: analytical, creative, practical
5Galton
measured human traits by assessing 10,000 people on reaction time, sensory activity, muscular power, and body proportions
encouraged high performers to mate
6Binet
commissioned to design fair intelligence test for French children
tested a variety of reasoning and problem-solving skills for mental age
7Lewis Terman
Stanford professor who created the Stanford-Binet
8Robert Williams
Black Intelligence Test of Cultural Homogeneity