Lecture Test 5

__ is caused by a defect in the oxygen-carrying pigment hemoglobin.

Initiation of transcription differs from initiation of DNA replication in several ways. One difference is that initiation of transcription

__ is caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome.

In a genetic cross between a healthy man and a healthy woman, who is a carrier for hemophilia, ____ of their children would appear healthy, ____ of their daughters would be healthy, non-carriers, and ____ of their sons would be healthy.

The tRNA nucleotide sequence that pairs with bases on the mRNA is called a(n)

Humans have ___ total chromosomes, arranged into pairs. ___ pairs are homologous and found in both males and females called ______, while ___ pair is specific to gender.

During replication, which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix?

Chargaff's rules for the pairing of nitrogen bases is

A male with an additional X chromosome will have __.

The method of DNA replication, where each original strand is used as a template to build a new strand, is called the

The 2 strands of a DNA molecule contain nitrogenous bases that are

The site where the 2 original DNA strands are separated and active replication occurs is called the

During transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of ____ using ____ as a template.

__ is a human hereditary disease caused by a dominant allele but does not show up in affected individuals until they reach middle age.

During protein synthesis in eukaryotes, which molecule passes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and specifies the sequence of amino acids in the new polypeptide?

A triplet repeat expansion mutation is responsible for

As the 2 strands of DNA are unraveled, which enzyme relieves the strain on the 2 strands?

If we think of the DNA double helix as a twisted ladder, what makes up the rungs or steps of the ladder?

The genetic code uses ___ nucleotides to specify one amino acid.

The central dogma of biology can be stated as

If a short sequence of DNA is 5' AATTGCCGT 3'; its complement is

In _____ cells, transcription occurs _____.

Which enzyme adds new nucleotides to the end of a growing strand?

During DNA replication, each new strand begins with a short

During _____, a ribosome assembles a polypeptide whose amino acid sequence is specified by the nucleotide sequence in a molecule of mRNA.

The chemical bond connecting one nucleotide with the next along one strand of a DNA molecule is called a

In humans, hemophilia is caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome. Suppose a healthy man has children with a woman who is healthy, but is a carrier of hemophilia. Based on this information, what is the probability that they will have a son with hemophilia? _____ Based on this information, what is the probability that they will have a daughter with hemophilia? _____

If the sequence of bases in the template strand of a DNA molecule is 3' TAGCTCTTA 5", what is the sequence of bases in the RNA that is transcribed from this molecule?

Eukaryotic organisms speed up the process of DNA replication by

Traits that are controlled by genes located on any chromosome other than the X (or Y) chromosome are said to be