SOC 230 SPC QUIZ 1

What term refers to the set of procedures used by social scientists to organize, summarize, and communicate numerical information?

What term refers to information that is represented by numbers?

What term refers to the set of activities social scientists engage in to answer questions, examine ideas, or test theories?

Name any of the 5 stages to the research process

What kind of research is based on information that can be verified through direct experience, observation and measurement?

What term refers to a set of assumptions and propositions used to explain, predict, and understand the phenomena we study (explains why something happens)?

What term refers to a tentative, testable prediction about how two or more variables are related?

What term refers to a property of people/objects that take on two or more values?

What term refers to the WHAT in a study, what each data point is describing? (Individual, Family, Organization, City)

Which variable is the one trying to be explained? (outcome)

What kind of variable is expected to explain/predict the DV?

Which condition of causality explains that the cause must precede the effect?

Which condition of causality explains that an empirical relationship must exist between cause and effect?

Which condition of causality explains that cause and effect must not be explained by other factors?

Which level of measurement involves label categorization with zero ranking/math?

Which level of measurement involves label categorization with ranking from low to high, but no defined distance between ranks?

Which level of measurement involved numbers, often used to describe equal numerical gaps in ordered rank?

Which property states that higher-level variables can be downgraded but lower-level variables cannot be upgraded?

What kind of variables only have two possible values, measured at any of the three levels?

What kind of interval-ratio measurement involves whole numbers only, usually with a minimum unit?

What kind of interval-ratio measurement has no minimum unit, involving subdivision?

What term refers to the notion that research should yield consistent answers each time a test is ran?

What term refers to the notion that research testing should be accurate, measuring what it’s intended to measure?

What term refers to the total set of individuals, objects, groups, or events that researchers are interested in?

What term refers to a subset of cases selected from a population to study?

What term refers to the process of selecting a sample from a given population group?

What type of statistics involved the act of organizing and describing data from a sample, summarizing it in different forms and ensuring little to no generalization?

What type of statistics makes inferences regarding a population based on a smaller sample size, using data to draw conclusions?