1Factor of Safety Wire Ropes
$FS=\frac{F_u}{F_t}
2Ultimate Stress 6x7 and 6x19
$F_u=76000d^2
3Ultimate Stress 6x37
$F_u=75000d^2
4Tension Force
$F_t=\left(\frac{W_{load}}{n_{ropes}}+W_r\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{g}\right)+F_b
5Weight of Rope
$W_r=1.58d^2h
6Bending Stress
$S_b=\frac{F_b}{A_m}
7Bending Force
$F_b=\frac{d_wE_rA_m}{D_s}
8Tension
$T=W(1+\frac{a}{g})
9Number of Elevator
$N_{elev}=\frac{N_{person}}{220}
10Number of Persons
$N_{persons}=\frac{Area}{9.3}
11Taper Per Length
Taper per Foot\inch=$\frac{D-d}{L}
12Tool Life
$V(t)^n=constant$
$v_1(t_1)^n=v_2(t_2)^n
13Length of Work
$t=\frac{Length of Work}{rates}$
for drilling: thickness
for cutting: length of cut
14Splines Mean Diameter
$D_m=\frac{D+d}{2}
15Height Splines
$h=\frac{D-d}{2}
16Mean Radius
$r_m=\frac{D+d}{4}
17Torque Splines
$T=F_nr_m
18Normal Force
$F_n=n_sF_e
23Shear Stress Rivets
$S_s=\frac{F_s}{A_b}
24Area of Rivet Hole
$A_b=\frac{π}{4}d_{R.H.}^2n_R
25Diameter of Rivet Hole
$d_{R.H.}=d_R+C
26Tensile Stress Unpunched
$S_T=\frac{F_T}{A_T}$
$A_T=L\times t
27Tensile Stress punched
$S_T=\frac{F_T}{A_T}$
$A_T=[L-(d_{R.H.}n_R](t)
28Bearing Stress
$S_B=\frac{F_B}{A_B}$
$A_B=(d_{R.H.}\times n_R)(t)
29Efficiency of Joints
$e=\frac{F_{safe}}{F_{T(u.p.)}}$
$e=\frac{F_{min}}{F_{max}}$
$e=1-\frac{d_{R.H.}\times n_p}{L}
30Butt Welds Stress
$S=\frac{F}{A}$
$A=Lt
31Fillet Welds
$A=bcos45(L) $single
$A=2bcos45(L)$ single