asia1115 final side part 1

born 877 to 943, reigned 918-943, was a Korean military leader, the founder of Koryeo, named after Koguryo (one of the most significant dynasties), was the 1st king, he played a crucial role during the Later 3 kingdoms 887-935 (Silla, Paekche, Koguryo), in 936 unified most of the korean peninsula, promoted confucianism ideals, had strong ties with buddhism, his government reduced the power of the local military and promoted a bureaucratic system based on merit

Wang Kon (King Taejo)

Dynasty from 918-1392, founded by Wang kong (King Taejo), Unified the korean peninsula after the fall of the 3 kingdoms Silla, Paekche, Koguryo, political system changed from a military based government, into a more centralized Confucian based bureaucracy, good political stability and military strength, 1392 the dynasty was replaced by the Joseon dynasty, known for their celadon pottery

Koryo State

Capital of the Koryo dynasty 918-1392, formally known as Songak later changed to kaesong, south west of the korean peninsula, bordered by the present day North Korea, location allowed defensive and economic advantages, near river and fertile plains, ideal for trade and agriculture, developed one of the earliest systems of accounting called “sagae chibubop”, had stores that sold books, medicine, tea and wine produced by the government ,key political, cultural and religious center, home to many royal palaces and government buildings

Kaegyong

Koryo - Liao Khitan war 993-1020, 993 Liao attacked Koryo to secure its flank with 60k soldiers, Liao attacked Koryo with 400k troops in 1010, Military strongman Kang Cho stopped their first attack, but was defeated in their second and was executed, Liao attacked Koryo in 1015-1017 but were unsuccessful to do anything, 1018 Liao assembled 100k troops to invade Koryo again nothing really happened, 1022 Koryo-Liao peace treaty was formalized,

Koryo's Wars

Koryo became a vassal state due to their submission to the mongols, Yuan Dynasty 1271-1368, to solidify their relationship Royal Koryo families were married into the Royal Mongol families, Koryo’s army assisted Yuan’s army fighting against Japan in 1274 and 1281, 1300’s King Gongmin worked to reduce Mongol influence, to restore Koryos independence, As the Yuan Dynasty weakened, Goryeo regained more control, eventually becoming fully independent after Yuan fell in 1368.

Koryo-Yuan relations

born in 1019 died in 1055, ruled koryo dynasty from 1046-1055, strengthened the monarchy and centralized royal control, continued bureaucratic reforms, reducing power of military families, promoted buddhism as the state religion, maintained peace and order in the kingdom during his reign, reigned for 9 years he died in 1055

King Munjong (Koryo)

agriculture was based on mainly rice, but had barley, wheats, and other grains, land was mostly owned by the aristocracy and temples, traded domestically and internationally, traded with china japan and central asia exporting goods such as pottery,textiles ginseng, government collected taxes from agriculture and land, thrived on iron, silk and ceramics

Koryo economy

aka Bayan Temur born in 1330 died in 1374,ruled from 1351-1374, worked to reduce mongol influence and strengthen the monarchy, married to mongol princess Queen Noguk, was pregnant with their child but she died in 1365, became depressed and mentally unstable not caring about politics, entrusted his tasks to a buddhist monk, 1374 he was assassinated by the Chajewi (noble youth guards)

King Kongmin

born in 1335 died in 1408, founder of the joseon dynasty, a strong general in the late koryo period, helped out during the mongol invasion, in 1388 defied King U’s and general Choe Yong order to attack ming dynasty and turned back to the capital, 1392 he officially claimed the throne and founded the Choson dynasty, he established a confucians state with strong emphasis on civil administration

Yi Songgye (King Taejo)

born in 1367 died in 1422, first son of king taejo (yi song gye), assisted his father in military campaigns and supported his fathers coup that ended the koryo dynasty, defeated his brothers to become king in 1400, reigned from 1400-1418, helped strengthening their army, reduce the power of the noble families, promoted confucianism as state ideology

Yi Bangwon (King Taejong)

yi song gye founded Choson, capital was moved to Hanyang, neo-confucianism became the state ideology, king taejong reigned from 1400-1418, Sejong the great reigned 1418-1450, introduced the korean writing system hangul, reformed their army through king taejong and king sejong, improved agriculture through new farming techniques

Early Choson state

born in 1397 died in 1450, son of king taejo, became king in 1418, invented hangul in 1446, before they used to learn classical chinese letter and making literacy more accessible, he developed rain gauge, created water clock, armillary sphere for observing celestial bodies, he helped korea advance in science,astronomy and agriculture, strengthened military defense, one of the greatest korean leaders

Sejong the Great

capital of the Joseon dynasty, known nowadays as Seoul, located along the han river on the northwestern part of korean peninsula, moved from kaegyong in 1394 to hansong, location allowed better trade, defense and access to other regions, ideal center for government, education, the city had the royal court, government officials and confucian scholar living there

Hansong

began in 1592 ended in 1598, the japanese invading to conquer korean and china led by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Yi sun-sin and korea’s navy fought back using turtle ship to defeat the japanese navy, ming dynasty assisted korea to fight against japan creating a strong alliance, key battles were bottle of Hansan island in 1592 and Pyongyang in 1593, war ended after the death of Hideyoshi in 1598

Imjin War:

born in 1545 died in 1598, appointed as naval commander during the Imjin war in 1592, helped win against the japanese navy despite having a smaller army, defeated the Japanese in the battle of Hansan island using turtle ship, a ship that could shoot from all sides, helped designing those ships, one of the most respected military figures in korean history. died in 1598 in the battle of noryang

Yi Sun Sin