1Substance is able to cross membrane...
Membrane is permeable to substance.
2Substance is NOT able to cross membrane...
Membrane is impermeable to substance.
3What is solubility based on? Give an example...
Solubility is based on polarity, a molecule will be soluble in water if it is charged and polar, a molecule will not be soluble in water if it is uncharged and nonpolar.
4If something is soluble how does that affect membrane permeability:
If something is considered soluble then it wont be able to cross and will be blocked by nonpolar barriers. Not permeable.
5What are the 3 different types of transport?
Facillitated/Assisted Diffusion
Passive/Simple Diffusion
Vesicular
6What is vesicular transport?
Endocytosis and Exocytosis. Will fuse with cell and transport nutrients inside.
7What is unassisted membrane transport? (Passive/Simple Diffusion)
When molecules can penetrate the membrane on their own
8What are some side effects to passive movement down the concentration gradient?
Increases molecule temperature, moving high to low concentration.
9According to Ficks Law, list 3 factors that increase diffusion rate and list 2 factor that decreases diffusion rate:
Increase:
- Concentration gradient
- Permeability of the plasma membrane to a substance
- Surface area of the membrane
Decrease:
- Molecular weight of a substance
- Distance
10What 2 forms do integral proteins come in? (Assisted Membrane Transport)
Carrier and Channel proteins
11What do channel proteins do? Describe them?
Form open fluid filled passageways, water and ion channels.
Used exclusively in facillitated diffusion.
12What are open, gated channels?
Open channels are leaky channels or open water pores.
Gated channels are chemically gated, voltage-gated, and mechanically gated (stretching).
13What are carrier proteins?
Physical interaction, changes conformation to move molecules.
14What is Antiport and Symport?
Antiport - 2 molecules different direction in membrane
Symport - 2 molecules in the same direction in membrane.
15Difference and similarities between Facillitated diffusion and Active transport:
Both require a helper.
Facillitated diffusion involves both channel and carrier proteins, down the gradient.
Active transport carrier proteins only, requires energy source, against the gradient.
16Describe the sodium potassium pump:
Sodium (Na+) is being pumped out of the cell against the gradient. Potassium (K+) is being pumped into the cell against the gradient.