BI 121 - The Chemical Basis of Life

Control center of the cell

positive charge

no charge

negative charge

The outermost energy shell of an atom, containing the valence electrons involved in the chemical reactions of that atom.

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Smallest particle of an element

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom

A group of atoms bonded together

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons

An isotope whose nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy.

An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.

Except for the first shell (full with two electrons) atoms interact to have eight electrons in their valence shell

Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Bonds created by sharing electrons with other atoms.

equal sharing of electrons

one atom exerts more pull on the shared electrons due to its extra proton

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

Chemicals produced by a reaction

productions of a more complex molecule

production of a liss complex molecule

parts of 2 different molecules exchange position

products can change back to the reactants

substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

a substance whose water solution conducts an electric current

electrolytes that releases H+ ions

electrolytes that accepts H+ ions

electrolyte formed by the reaction of a acid and a base

substance that resists changes in pH by accepting or donating H+

measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14