1outer layer of serous membrane
parietal pleura
2inner layer of serous membrane
visceral pleura
3between the two layers of series membrane and this contains a lubricating fluid that prevent friction as the lung expands
pleural cavity
4when brain receptors perceive too much carbon dioxide in the blood, they signal the body to
increase ventilation
5transport oxygen in the cell and exchange of gases (O² and CO²)
respiration
6respiration is controlled by the
central nervous system
7contains the respiratory center which can be stimulated by chemoreceptors
brain stem
8special cells that detect changes in partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide
chemoreceptors
9refers to movement of air in and out of the lungs or breathing, when the air enters the lungs, it carries oxygen, and it goes to the blood thru the pulmonary cappilaries
ventilation
10refers to the flow of blood to the lungs from the right ventricle to the pulmonary capillaries, oxygen from air enters the blood and the carbon dioxide from the blood goes to the alveoli for release into atmosphere
perfusion
11when there is exchange of gasses between the lungs and the blood, occurs in the respiratory membrane in the lungs
external respiration
12when the oxygenated blood goes to the tissues, oxygen is delivered to the tissues and the carbon dioxide produced by the cells is brought to the vlood to be carried out by the lungs
internal respiration
13caused by involuntary contractions of your diaphragm, this causes your vocal chords to close very briefly
hiccups
14absence of breathing
apnea
16can only breathe comfortable in upright position (such as sitting in a chair), unable to breathe laying down
orthopnea
17attacks of severe shortness of breathe that wakes a person from sleep
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
18increased depth of breathing
hyperpnea
19increased rate or depth, combination of both
hyperventilation
20decreased rate or depth
hypoventilation
21progressive, degenerative disease that destroys alveolar walls
emphysema
22the mucosa of the lower respiratory passages becomes severely inflamed and produces excessive mucis
chronic bronchitis
23chronic bronchitis are sometimes called
blue bloaters
24destruction of alveolar walls and loss of lung elasticity
emphysema