Chapter 29 Intro

measuring vitalsigns is your responsibilty
clean each device between patients
assess equipment is working correctly
select the appropriate equipment for the patient -> use the right size cuff
know the patient's usual range of vital signs -> know thier baseline
know the patient's health history, therapies, and prescribed and OTC meds
control environmental factors -> too hot or too cold can adjust vitals

heat produced - heat lost = body temperature
98.6 F

hypothalamus
thermostat

neural and vascular control -> hypothalamus
heat production
heat loss - radiation, conduction, convection, evaporation and diaphoresis
skin in temperature regulation -> insulation
behavioral control

the transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of another without direct contact between the two

the transfer of heat from one object to another with direct contact

the transfer of heat away by air movement

the transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed to a gas

visible perspiration primarily occurring on the forehead and upper thorax, although it occurs in other places on the body

classified by core temperature measurements

an elevated body temperature related to the inability of the body to promote heat loss or reduce heat production

hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production that occurs when susceptible individuals recieve certain general anesthesia medications

age -> as you get older temperature goes down
excerise
hormone level -> hot flashes
circadian rhythm -> drop a degree overnight
stress
environment
temperature alterations

pyrexia
occurs because heat-loss mechanisms are unable to keep pace with excessive heat production, resulting in an abnormal rise in body temperature
usually above 100.4 F

caused by environmental heat exposure and presents with profuse diaphoresis that results in excess water and electrolyte loss

Electronic thermometer -> scanner
chemical dot thermometers -> oral

impaired thermoregulation -> septic issues
risk for impaired thermoregulation
hyperthermia
fever
chronic fever

fever -> body is losing heat with cooling blanker and wet rags, very bad = pack in ice
heatstroke -> put in cooler environment
hypothermia -> wrap in warm dry area, bring temperature back up slowly - don't put in front of immediae heat

palpable bounding of blood flow in a peripheral artery
indicator of circulatory status
electrical impulses originating from sinoatrial (SA) node travel through heart muscle to stimulate cardiac contraction

radial
brachial
doralis pedis
carotid
anterior tibialis
inguinal
femoral

rate -> bpm
rhythm -> regular or irregular
strength -> 0-3+
equality -> both/ bilaterally

activity intolerance
dehydration
hypervolemia
impaired cardiac function
impaired peripheral tissue perfusion (Reynauds)

inefficient contraction of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse wave to the peripheral pulse site creates
assess radial and apical rates simultaneouslu and then compare rates

when