CCNA 1 Chapter 3: Network Protocols
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Network Protocols
Set of rules for communication between devices.
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Protocols
Rules governing how devices communicate.
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Interoperability
Ability of different systems to work together.
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Message Encoding
Converting information into a transmittable form.
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Message Decoding
Reversing encoding to interpret transmitted information.
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Message Formatting
Specific structure used for sending messages.
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Message Size
Determines the amount of data transmitted.
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Message Timing
Controls data transmission rate and delivery timing.
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Flow Control
Manages data transmission rate and volume.
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Response Timeout
Duration a device waits for a reply.
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Access Method
Rules determining message sending timing.
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Collision
When multiple devices send messages simultaneously.
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Unicast
One-to-one communication method.
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Multicast
One-to-many communication method, not all recipients.
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Broadcast
One-to-all communication method.
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Protocol Suites
Groups of interrelated protocols for communication.
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TCP/IP
Most common protocol suite for internet communication.
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OSI Model
Framework for understanding network communication layers.
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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
Maintains and develops internet and TCP/IP standards.
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Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
Manages IP address allocation and protocol identifiers.
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Creates standards for networking and telecommunications.
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Internet Society (ISOC)
Promotes open development of internet technologies.
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Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA)
Develops standards for electrical wiring and connectors.
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Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)
Creates standards for communication technologies.
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International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
Defines global telecommunications standards.
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Layered Model
Simplifies complex network operations for understanding.
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Protocol Interaction
Use of multiple protocols for effective communication.
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Node Icon
Symbol representing devices in network diagrams.
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Anycast
Delivery method for IPv6, one-to-nearest communication.
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OSI Reference Model
A seven-layer model for network communication.
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TCP/IP Reference Model
A four-layer model for internet protocols.
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Layered Model Benefits
Facilitates protocol design, competition, and stability.
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Data Encapsulation
Process of adding protocol information to data.
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Segmenting Messages
Breaking messages into smaller units for efficiency.
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Multiplexing
Interleaving multiple data streams together.
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Sequencing
Numbering segments for proper reassembly.
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Protocol Data Units (PDU)
Data units named per TCP/IP protocol layers.
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Data (Data Stream)
Initial form of data before encapsulation.
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Segment
PDU at the transport layer of TCP/IP.
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Packet
PDU at the network layer of TCP/IP.
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Frame
PDU at the data link layer of TCP/IP.
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Bits (Bit Stream)
Final form of data for transmission.
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De-encapsulation
Removing protocol information as data ascends layers.
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Network Layer Addressing
Uses IP addresses for data delivery.
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Data Link Layer Addressing
Uses MAC addresses for local data transfer.
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Source IP Address
IP of the sending device.
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Destination IP Address
IP of the receiving device.
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Network Portion (IP)
Identifies the network group in an IP address.
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Host Portion (IP)
Identifies a specific device in an IP address.
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Default Gateway
Router IP for accessing remote networks.
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MAC Address
Unique identifier for network interface cards.
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Local Addressing
Addressing scheme for devices on the same network.
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Remote Network
Network that requires routing to access.
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Wireshark
Tool for capturing and analyzing network traffic.
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Protocol Suite
Group of related protocols for communication.
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Open Standards
Encourage interoperability and innovation in networking.
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TCP/IP Protocol Suite
Set of protocols used for internet communication.
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