Chapter 2: The Human Body in Health and Disease

a set of the signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process

refers to the front, or belly side, of the organ or body.

behind, toward the back

development, formation, growth

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

the science or study of

specialist

tissue

out of, outside, away from

in, within, inside

inside, within

cell

cell

head

lower part of body, tail

before, in front

control, maintenance of a constant level

control, maintenance of a constant level

fat

gland

a malignant tumor that originates in the glands and may spread to other parts of the body

contains the major organs of digestion

benign tumor that starts in the epithelial tissue of a gland or gland-like structure

a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

the study of structures of the body

deviation from what is normal

situated in the front

the defective development, or the congenital absence, of an organ or tissue

congenital absence or narrowing of a normal body opening or passage

postmortem examination

the spread of pathogens through infected blood or other body fluids

toward the lower part of the body

toward the head

a genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell

any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either by direct or by indirect contact with contaminated objects

an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth

the material or protoplasm within the cell that is not part the nucleus.

situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure

the back of the organ or body

the abnormal development or growth of cells, or the presence of abnormal cells within a type of tissue

the ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group, or area

produce hormones, do not have ducts

a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area

located above the stomach

the study of the causes of diseases or abnormal conditions

secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs

a condition that produced physical symptoms for which no disease or other organic cause can be identified

a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene

a physician who specializes in the care of older people

hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood-clotting factor is missing

the microscopic study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues

the processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ

a general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of cells in the tissues

located below the stomach

the underdevelopment of an organ or tissue, usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells

an unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment

any disease without a known cause

an illness caused by living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria and viruses

relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower area of the abdomen

the direction toward, or nearer, the midline

a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

also known as the midline, the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves

a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide

study of disease

the space formed by the hip bones and contains the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems

a multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

located behind the peritoneum

unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division

also known as the chest cavity or thorax, surrounds and protects the heart and lungs.

inflammation of the peritoneum

The study of the functions of body parts.

situated in the back or on the back part of an organ

situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

commonly known as the belly button or the navel; this pit in the center of the abdominal wall marks the point where the umbilical cord was attached before birth

the spread of certain diseases through blood-sucking vectors.