Muscle Anatomy: Arm and Forearm Muscles

Brachials

biceps brachii

triceps brachii

flexor carpi radialis

flexor carpi ulnaris

extensor carpi ulnaris

rectus abdominis

pubic symphysis and crest

external surfaces of cartilages of ribs 5-7, xyphoid process

external oblique

Outer surface of ribs 5-12, interdigitating with Serratus anterior; linea alba

iliac crest, inguinal ligament, anterior superior iliac spine

compresses abdomen, opposite rotator of thoracic vertebrae

pectoralis major

clavicle, sternum and the cartilage of the first 6 ribs

greater tubercle

flex, adduct, and rotate arm

trapezius

occipital bone and spines of C7 through all thoracic vertebrae

clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

extend head and shrug shoulders

latissimus dorsi

Spines of T6-L5, iliac and sacral crests

intertubercular groove

Extend, adduct, and rotate arm

deltoid

clavicle, and the acromion of the spine and the scapula

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

abduct the arm

raises and adducts scapula

protract shoulder anteriorly (push)

flex and adducts are at shoulder with pectoralis

extends, adducts and rotates arm medially

rotates arm laterally

distal anterior humerus

coronoid process of ulna

flex the forearm

supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process of scapula

radial tuberosity

flex and supinate forearm

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula and posterior body of humerus

olecranon process of ulna

extend the forearm

medial epicondyle of humerus

2nd and 3rd metacarpals

flex wrist and abduct hand

medial epicondyle of humerus

5th metacarpal

flex wrist and adducts hand

lateral epicondyle of humerus

5th metacarpal

extend and adduct the wrist

gracilis

inferior ramus and body of the pubic bone

medial condyle of tibia

adduct thigh and flex leg

vastus intermedius

shaft of femur: 3/4 of dorsolateral surface of femur from near lateral linea aspera, around to crest of anteromedial femur; fascia casing muscle

Mid-tibial tuberosity

extends the knee

vastus medialis

shaft of femur: surface of femoral shaft, from medial intertrochanteric line to near the medial edge of linea aspera; intermuscular septa

dorsomedial fascia of vastus intermedius; medial patella; medial tibial tuberosity

Extends the knee, displaces the patella medially and rotates femur laterally on tibia

vastus lateralis

femoral attachment: a line that runs the length of the linea aspera up to the lateral margin of the greater trochanter and arching across the margin to the dorsal intertrochanteric line. Fascia attachment: the dorsal surface of the lateral intermuscular septum.

dorsolateral fascia of vastus intermedius; lateral patella; lateral tibial tuberosity

Extends the knee, displaces the patella laterally and rotates femur medially on tibia

rectus femoris

Reflected head: cranial lip of acetabulum

Joins tendon of vastus intermedius variably at 1/3 its length above the knee; cranial patella; tibial tuberosity

A 2 joint extensor of the knee. Flexes the hip

Sartorius (tailor's muscle)

anterior superior iliac spine

medial proximal tibia

Flex leg and flex and rotate thigh (cross legs)

tibialis anterior

lateral condyle and body of the tivia

1st metatarsal and tarsal bones

dorsiflex and invert foot

triceps surae

gastrocnemius:(more superficial than soleus)

lateral and medial condyles of femur

calcaneus(via Achilles tendon)

Plantarflex foot and flex leg

soleus(lies beneath with similar shape to the gastrocnemius)

Head of the fibula, and the medial proximal tibia

calcaneus

plantarflex foot(most important walking muscle)

gluteas maximus

sacrum and ilium

proximal femur

extends hip during forceful exertion

gluteas medius

lateral surface of ilium

greater trochanter of femur

abduction and rotation of the thigh and hip

Piriformis

anterior surface of lateral sacrum

greater trochanter of femur(along medial surface)

laterally rotate thigh at hip

Epicranius

two part muscle united by galea aponeurotica on superior and lateral aspects of the skull

Frontalis

Galea aponeurosis

skin above supraorbital margin

raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead

occipitalis

occipital bone and mastoid process

Galea aponeurosis

pulls scalp posteriorly

Temporalis

temporal bone

coronoid process of mandible

elevates (closes) the jaw

orbicularis oris

Fascia associated with the maxillae, mandible and lips

Muscles and Skin at angle of the mouth

purses and puckers lips

buccinator (trumpeter's muscle)

alveolar processes of the posterior mandible and maxillae

orbicularis oris muscle

compresses cheek when blowing or sucking

zygomatic minor

ventral surfaces of zygomatic bone

Skin of nasolabial groove and upper lip

elevates upper lip laterally

zygomatic major

ventral part of zygomatic arch

Modiolus at the corner of the mouth

Pulls upward and laterally on the modiolus at mouth corners

orbicularis oculi

medial wall of orbit

tissue of eyelid

closes the eye

Masseter

zygomatic arch

angle and ramus of mandible

closes the jaw and protracts the mandible

Sternocleidomastoid

mid-clavicle and manubrium of sternum

mastoid process of the temporal bone

flexes and rotates the head