AD 2

Roles of NT (2 important NT in AZD)

Too much inc in glutamate →

Goal of tx for patients with AZD:

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

● Forgetfulness
● confusion
● Difficulty reading
● Speaking
● writing

● Difficulty with body movements

● Anxiousness
● Anger
● Aggressiveness

Factors that trigger AZD in px:

STAGE 1:

STAGE 2:

STAGE 3:

STAGE 4:

STAGE 5:

STAGE 6:

STAGE 7:

Pre dementia state (no cognitive impairment/no dementia)

: Dementia state

Px in Stage 5 -

Drugs used to treat Alzheimer’s disease either:

Inhibits enzyme that degrades acetylcholine:

Typically prescribed for mild to moderate disease

For the treatment of vascular dementia (dementia associated
with cerebrovascular disease).

is an enzyme that degrades ACh.

– enhances degradation of cholinergic neurons

– has been shown to be neuroprotective in human
andanimal studies.

increase levels of Ach.

Moa: is a specific and reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the predominant cholinesterase in the brain.

Excretion: excreted in the urine intact

– may cause heart block

- bronchoconstriction

ADR: Anemia, Abnormal dreams, abnormal crying, aggression,
agitation, anxiety, apathy, aphasia, liver failure (AAAAAAAA)

MOA: is a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase and
enhances the intrinsic action of acetylcholine on nicotinic
receptors, leading to increased cholinergic
neurotransmission in the CNS.

1. Inhibit AChE
2. Enhance action of ACh in cholinergic receptors (nicotinic
receptors)

CI of GALANTAMINE (Razadyne)

ADR:
○ Serious skin reactions
○ CNS depression
○ Vagotonic effects on heart rate
○ Weight loss
○ Seizures
○ Increase gastric acid secretion
○ Bladder otflow obstruction
○ BPH symptoms exacerbation