1Give the RGB values for Black
- (255, 0, 0)
- (0, 0, 0)
- (100, 100, 100)
- (255, 255, 255)
2Give the RGB values for White
- (255, 0, 0)
- (0, 0, 128)
- (100, 100, 100)
- (255, 255, 255)
3Give the RGB values for a dark shade of gray
- (255, 255, 255)
- (0, 0, 0)
- (0, 0, 128)
- (100, 100, 100)
4Give the RGB values for a dark shade of blue
- (255, 255, 255)
- (0, 0, 128)
- (255, 0, 0)
- (0, 0, 0)
5Give the RGB values for Red
- (100, 100, 100)
- (255, 0, 0)
- (255, 255, 255)
- (0, 0, 0)
6Referring to color representation as RGB triplets: Describe how to change the BRIGHTNESS of a photo
Add value to each pixel
7Referring to color representation as RGB triplets: Describe how to change the CONTRAST of a photo
The white pixels are more modified than the dark pixels (or vice versa) to increase the amount of difference between white and dark
8Referring to color representation as RGB triplets: Describe how to change the INTENSITY of a photo
Adding 16 to each byte
9Describe the difference between LOSSY and LOSSLESS compression
Lossy compression schemes will discard data, losing bits of the original information. Lossless
Compression schemes make the full recovery of the original information possible.
10Give one benefit of using HEXIDECIMAL number representation over BINARY number representation
Less difficult to write down and less lengthy sequence of bits to remember
11Explain how Google’s PageRank works
The "higher" the ranking, the closer to the top of the list a page will be
12Describe how analog sound is digitized
Sound is picked up by a microphone. The electrical signal is fed into an analog-to-digital converter, which takes the continuous wave and samples it at regular intervals, outputting for each sample binary numbers. These numbers are compressed and stored in memory.
13Microprocessors (1970s)
Placed thousands of transistors onto a single silicon chip; this paved the way for personal computers and modern electronic devices
14CPU (Computer Processing Unit)
Primary processor in a computer, its electric circuit executes of a computer program, such as arithmetic log, controlling, and input-output operations.
15Memory
stores information such as data and programs for immediate use in the computer
16Secondary Storage
Not directly accessed by the CPU, storage for non-critical data that doesn't need to be accessed as frequently
17Layered Software development
Programmers can use the software without understanding how the programs work, allowing them to builkd off the work of other programmers who have previously contributed to these layers
184 things all computers do
Input, Output Information, Store, Process
19Analog
Information that has continuous values (ex: sound waves)
20Digital
Uses distinct values, usually binary (uses 0s and 1s)
21Nyquist Rule
A digitization guideline stating that the sample frequency should be twice as high as the highest frequency of the signal
22Point-to-Point Communication (Unicast)
Point to point communication means the channel is shared between two devices
23Multicast Communication
Multicast is a method of group communication where the sender sends data to multiple receivers or nodes present in the network simultaneously, multiple point-to-point communication (to specific groups)
24Broadcast Communication
In this, the sender broadcasters the message to ALL the nodes present in a network.