urinary

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

retroperitoneal back

ion necessary for nerve impulse conduction, muscle contractions and water balance

filtering units of the kidney that remove wastes from the blood and produce urine

A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.

the kidneys produce 1-2 liters of urine

inner region of the kidney

funnel-shaped reservoir that collects the urine and passes it to the ureter

scale with values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution; a pH of 0 to 7 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH of 7 to 14 is basic

urge to urinate

loss of kidney function resulting in its inability to remove waste products from the body and maintain electrolyte balance

nitrogenous compounds

bladder

stone

kidney

deficiency

pus

renal pelvis

bladder

Acute glomerulonephritis

acute renal failure

acute tubular necrosis

bladder neck obstruction

benign prostatic hypertrophy

blood urea nitrogen

chronic renal failure

cystoscopy

end stage renal failure

hemodialysis

intravenous pyelogram

kidney, ureter, bladder

polycystic kidney disease

retrograde pyelogram

specific gravity

transurethral resection of the prostate

urinary incontinence

urine culture

urinary tract infection

voiding cystourethrography

vesicoureteral reflux

type of nephritis (kidney infection) in which the glomeruli are the key structures affected; also called acute nephritic syndrome

inflammation of the bladder caused by bacterial infection, commonly coexisting with bacterial urethritis, both of which together constitute a UTI, sometimes referred to as a bladder infection

increased output of urine

bed wetting

condition in which the renal pelvis and calyces become distended and dilated and begin to atrophy due to urine outflow obstruction

a chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder

uncommon disorder marked by massive proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia (low blood albumin), hyperlipidemia (high blood lipids), and hypercoagulability (high tendency to form blood clots)

narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

severe, intermittent pain caused by spasms of the ureter

renal failure caused by acute injury to the renal tubules

rapidly developing malignant neoplasm of the kidney that usually occurs in children