1Arrival
Check for dangers, ensure scene safety. PPE donned
2After safety
Introduce yourself - name and role
3After introduction
Paediatric Assessment Triangle - assess tone, lookaze, consolability, speech, interactiveness
4After first look
Identify audible wheeze heard, looks like increased WOB - moderate to severe respiratory distress.
5After PAT observations
Gain consent to assess and treat from child and mother
6After consent
Ask patient's name
7After patient identification
Position patient upright for easier breathing
8After positioning
Airways - state observations - a) reduced air movement, b) one-word sentences/difficulty speaking, c) silent chest (life-threatening)
9After airway observations
Send for ICP - in case of tubing, ventilation and magnesium sulphate
10After escalation
Assess breathing - RATES (AND rhythm) - expose chest
11After RATES + rhythm
Physical breathing observations - positioning, retraction (intercostal muscles), head bobbing, gasping, grunting, nasal flaring
12After visual breathing observations
Oxygen - 15L high-flow non-rebreather
13After oxygen
Consider hydrocortisone - check CPM first. Check for general allergies (say "no contraindication"), then confirm severe asthma as a positive indication.
14After hydrocortisone indicated
Mention bodyweight calculation (age + 4 x 2). Then mention dose, 4mg/kg IMI. Ampoules come in 100mg to be reconstituted in 2ml saline. Confirm with partner - TREEDEAR - time, reason, education, expiry, documentation, evaluation, assessment, refusal. Administer in shoulder
15After hydrocortisone administration
Salbutamol - check CPM first. Confirm exacerbation of asthma as a positive indication.
16After salbutamol indicated
After checking CPM, mention dose of nebulised salbutamol, 5mg/2.5ml. Confirm with partner - TREEDEAR - time, reason, education, expiry, documentation, evaluation, assessment, refusal. Administer in neb
17After salbutamol administration
Reassess breathing - RATES, physical breathing observations - positioning, retraction (intercostal muscles), head bobbing, gasping, grunting, nasal flaring
18After breathing re-assessment
Ipatropium bromide - check CPM first. Confirm severe asthma as a positive indication.
19After ipatropium bromide CPM
After checking CPM, mention dose of nebulised ipatropium bromide, 250microg in 1 x 1ml ampoule (atrovent). Confirm with partner - TREEDEAR - time, reason, education, expiry, documentation, evaluation, assessment, refusal. Administer in neb
20After ipatropium bromide administration
Adrenaline - check CPM first. Confirm severe asthma as a positive indication.
21After adrenaline indication
After checking CPM, mention dose of IMI adrenaline, 250microg in 1 x 1ml ampoule (atrovent). Confirm with partner - TREEDEAR - time, reason, education, expiry, documentation, evaluation, assessment, refusal. Administer in neb
22After adrenaline administration
Assess physical circulation signs - pallor, mottling, waxy appearance, cyanosis, obvious bleeding
23After physical circulation signs
Circulation observations - palpate pulses, cap refill, HR, B/P, 4-lead
24After circulation obs
IV Access - gain consent, 22 gauge cannula, explain procedure
25After IV Access
Assess disability - GCS, Temp, BGL, Pupils
26After disability
Exposure - remove clothes, control for temperature
27When is hydrocortisone indicated in the treatment of asthma?
28List two differences between paediatric and adult airway