1What is a logic gate?
A logic gate is a basic building block of digital systems, found in most digital devices. It performs functions consistent with Boolean operators, either allowing or stopping electrical signals based on logical conditions, and is typically built using transistors.
2Why is it important to learn about logic gates?
To understand how a computer works and operates at the hardware level.
3Differentiate between Combinational Logic and Sequential Logic.
Combinational Logic depends only on present inputs, while Sequential Logic depends on both current inputs and previous outputs (has memory).
4What are the three basic categories of Logic Gates?
Basic Gates (AND, OR, NOT), Universal Gates (NAND, NOR), Exceptional Gates (EX-OR, EX-NOR)
5Explain the operation of a NOT gate (inverter).
A NOT gate has one input and inverts it — 0 becomes 1, and 1 becomes 0. Boolean: Q = A'
6Explain the operation of an AND gate.
An AND gate outputs 1 only if all inputs are 1. Boolean: Q = A ⋅ B
7Explain the operation of a NAND gate.
A NAND gate outputs 1 unless all inputs are 1. It is the inverse of AND. Boolean: Q = (A ⋅ B)'
8Explain the operation of an OR gate.
An OR gate outputs 1 if at least one input is 1. Boolean: Q = A + B
9Explain the operation of a NOR gate.
A NOR gate outputs 1 only if all inputs are 0. It is the inverse of OR. Boolean: Q = (A + B)'
10Explain the operation of an Exclusive OR (EX-OR) gate.
An EX-OR gate outputs 1 if inputs are different (one is 0, one is 1). Boolean: Q = A ⊕ B
11Explain the operation of an Exclusive NOR (EX-NOR) gate.
An EX-NOR gate outputs 1 if inputs are the same (both 0 or both 1). Boolean: Q = A ⊙ B