1What are the levels of biological organization in order of smallest to largest?
atoms, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
2atom
smallest unit of an element composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons
3molecule
union of two or more atoms of the same or different elements
4cell
smallest, most basic unit of life
5tissue
made up of similar cells
7organ system
organs working together
8organism
individual living thing
9population
all members of a species in a particular area
10community
populations interacting with each other
11ecosystem
community and the physical environment
12biosphere
zone of air, land and, water of the Earth where living organisms are found
13What makes up the cell?
atoms, micromolecules, macromolecules, and organelles
14energy
capacity to do work
15metabolism
all chemical reactions occurring in the cell
16photosynthesis
transforms solar energy to chemical energy in plants
17What are the main common traits of all living things?
are organized, acquire materials and energy, respond (to their envrionment), reproduce and develop, have adaptations
18reproduction
producing offspring, genes are passed on that determine how the offspring develops
19natural selection
a process which results in a population adapted to the environment
20What key concept in biology did Darwin propose as the mechanism for evolution?
natural selection
21evolution
process by which species have changed and diversified since life arose; descent with modification
22taxonomy
involves identifying and classifying organisms. used to group organisms using evolutionary relationships
23What are the three domains?
bacteria, archaea, eukarya
24Which domains are prokaryotic?
bacteria and archaea
25Which domains are eukaryotic?
eukarya
26What are all the categories of classification from smallest to largest?
domain, supergroup, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
27What kingdoms are under the domain Eukarya?
protists, fungi, plant, and animal
28How do you properly write an organism's name using binomial nomenclature?
both are italicized, capitalize the genus. for example: Homo sapien the first part is the genus and the second is the species
29biodiversity
includes the total number of species, as well as diversity of genetic material and diversity within ecosystems
30What are the steps of the scientific method?
observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion
31What is inductive reasoning?
combine isolated facts into a cohesive whole
32What is the test group?
experimental group where the variable is manipulated
33What is the control group?
the placebo group that doesnt receive the variable being tested
34What makes for a good experimental design?
all conditions constant except for the experimental variable
35What is a variable?
any factor that can be controlled, changed, or measured in an experiment