Plant Transport

Xylem tube
Phloem tube

Carry water and mineral ions from the roots up the plant
Xylem walls are made of lignin (dead cells with no end walls)

Transports sucrose and amino acids from where they are made in the leaves to other parts of the plant
Moves both up and down the plant
Companion cells contain mitochondria which produce ATP to help move the sucrose into the phloem by active transport

Movement of food substances around the plant

Mineral ions are pumped into the root hair cell by active transport
This gives the root hair cell a low water potential
As the root hair cell has a low water potential, water can move into the cell by osmosis

There won't be a low wp in the root hair cell so water cannot move into the plant and it will die of thirst

The loss of water from the plant usually through the leaves via the stomata

Mineral ions needed for growth are carried up the plant in the water

Water loss is dangerous- loss of turgor pressure causes wilting

Temperature
Humidity
Wind speed
Light intensity

As the temperature increases, the rate of transpiration increases because the water molecules have more kinetic energy therefore the rate of evaporation and diffusion is faster.

As humidity increases, the rate of transpiration decreases as the concentration gradient of water molecules between leaf and air is decreased

As the wind speed increases, the rate of transpiration increases as the concentration gradient is kept high by the wind blowing water molecules away.

As the light intensity increases, the rate of transpiration increases because the stomata are open to allow CO2 in for photosynthesis

Apparatus used to estimate transpiration rates
Measures water uptake by a plant which it is assumed is directly related to water loss